Table 1. Published cases of intramedullary sarcoidosis of the thoracic spine.

ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; GD, gadolinium; NR, not reported; UTI, urinary tract infection.

Author, year	Age/sex	Spinal level	Symptoms at presentation	MRI findings			Serum ACE	Pathology findings	Outcome at the time of follow-up	Follow-up (months)
				T1	T2	Gd
Beros et al., 2008 [15]	40/M	T9-12	Impaired ambulation, loss of temperature sensation, loss of touch sensation, paresthesia, urinary incontinence	Thickened cord	Hyperintense, cord edema	Enhancement	Elevated	Noncaseating granulomas with central epitheliod cells, few Langhans cells, and peripheral lymphocytes	Rapid clinical improvement	2.5
Caneparo et al., 2007 [14]	61/M	T5-T6	Numbness, urinary incontinence	NR	Hyperintense	Enhancement	780 U/l	NR	Unchanged sensory symptoms	12
Duhon et al., 2012 [16]	48/M	T10-T11	Back pain, Lhermitte pain, numbness, paresthesia, weakness	NR	Hyperintense	Enhancement	2 U/l	Perivascular noncaseating granulomas with lymphocytic infiltration	Full strength, mild numbness	18
Wang, 1999 [13]	66/F	T10-T11	Numbness, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, weakness	Normal	Normal	Enhancement	22 IU/l	Noncaseating granulomatous inflammation with perivascular lymphocytic infiltration	Mortality (UTI, sepsis)	1