Table 1.
Association of sarcopenia with survival in patients with ovarian cancer
| Reference info | Study inclusion | Sarcopenia diagnosis | Outcomes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author, year | OC stage | N | Age | Muscle mass assessed by CT scan at | Sarcopenic cut-off | % Sarcopenia | Survival | Notes |
| Ataseven et al, 2018 | III-IV | 323 | NR | L3 | SMI < 41 cm2/m2 | 29.40% | HR 1.14, P = .730 (OS) | |
| SMD < 32 HU | 21.1% | HR 1.32, P = .003 (OS) | ||||||
| Aust et al, 2015 | III-IV | 140 | 60 | L3 | SMA < 39 HU | 35% | HR 2.25; P = .028 (OS) | Eotaxin and IL-10 correlate with low SMA |
| SMI < 41 cm2/m2 | 28.90% | HR 1.23; P = .565 (OS) | ||||||
| Bronger et al, 2017 | III-IV | 105 | 63 | L3 | SMI 38.5 cm2/m2 | 11.40% | HR 3.17; P = .012 (OS) | Change in muscle mass over time not associated with survival |
| HR 2.64; P = .012 (PFS) | ||||||||
| Bruno, 2021 | I-IV | 239 | NR | L3 | SMI < 38.9 cm2/m2 | 35.10% | HR 1.2, P > .05 | |
| SMD < 21.24 HU | 50% | HR 2.66, P < .05 | ||||||
| Chae et al, 2021 | I-II | 82 | 52 | L3 | SMI ≤ 38.7 cm2/m2 | 20.7 | HR 58.4; P = .0008 (OS) | BMI not associated with survival |
| Huang et al, 2020 | III | 139 | 54.4 | L3 | SMI 39.0 cm2/m2 | 34.10% | HR 1.08; P = .002 (OS) | SMI loss associates with worse OS and PFS |
| HR 1.03; P = .04 (PFS) | ||||||||
| Grande et al, 2021 | III-IV | 69 | 63.6 | L3 | SMI < 41.0 cm2/m2 | 29% | HR .95; P > .05 (OS) | SMA was associated with early discontinuation of chemotherapy |
| Kim et al, 2020 | III-IV | 179 | 57.5 | L3 | SMI < 39.0 cm2/m2 | 42.50% | HR .87; P = .636 (OS) | High fat to muscle ratio showed significantly worse OS |
| HR 1.29; P = .157 (PFS) | ||||||||
| Kumar et al, 2016 | III-IV | 296 | 64.6 | L3 | SMI < 39 cm2/m2 | 44.60% | HR .99, P = .97 (PFS) | |
| SMD < 36.4 HU | NR | HR 1.26, P = .0009 (PFS) | ||||||
| Matsubara et al, 2019 | III-IV | 92 | 55.3 | L3 | SMA < 92.92 cm2 | 50% | HR 2.186; P = .030 (OS) | Psoas major volume was superior to SMA for prognosis prediction |
| HR 1.272; P = .402 (PFS) | ||||||||
| Nakayama et al, 2019 | III-IV | 94 | 61.8 | L3 | SMI 30.88 cm2/m2 | 77% | P = .337 (OS) | |
| Rutten et al, 2017 | II-IV | 216 | 63.1 | L3 | SMI 38.73 cm2/m2 | 32.40% | HR 1.36; P = .076 | Low SMI shows trend towards association with poor OS |
| Rutten et al, 2016 | III-IV | 123 | 66.5 | L3 | SMI 41.5 cm2/m2 | 50.40% | HR .89; P = .613 | Loss of SM during chemotherapy associates with worse OS |
| Staley et al, 2020 | III-IV | 201 | 63.6 | L3 | SMI ≤ 41cm2/m2 | 64% | P > .05 (OS) | Trend toward worse neutropenia was noted in the sarcopenic group |
| P > .05 (PFS) | ||||||||
| Ubachs et al, 2020 | III | 212 | 60.9 | L3 | SMI > 2%/100 days | 58% | HR 1.41; P > .05 | Patients with SMI loss demonstrate more perioperative adverse events |
| Wood et al, 2023 | II-IV | 174 | 64.1 | L4 | SMI 38.0 cm2/m2 | 55.70% | P = .95 (OS) | > 2% decrease in VAT per 100 days was significantly associated with a decreased OS |
| P = .68 (PFS) | ||||||||
| Yoshikawa et al, 2021 | I-IV | 72 | 62 | L5 | PMI < 5.4 cm2/m2 | NR | HR 3.87; P = .0098 (OS) | |
| Yoshino et al, 2020 | I-IV | 60 | 63.5 | L3 | SMI 39.0 cm2/m2 | 60% (pre), 68% (post) | HR 3.17; P = .022 (OS) | Post-IC neutrophil count correlates with SMI |
Clinical retrospective and prospective studies were collected that looked at associations of OS or PFS with sarcopenia defined by SMI, SMD, SMA, or PMI. Multivariate statistics were reported when available.
Abbreviations: IC, immune complex; NR, not recorded; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; PMI, psoas muscle index; SMA, skeletal muscle attenuation; SMD, skeletal muscle density; SMI, skeletal muscle index.