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. 2023 Nov 15;15(11):1900–1912. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i11.1900

Table 3.

Univariable and multivariable models to predict grade 2 or higher adverse events


Odds ratio
95%CI
P value
Univariable model:
PLR (> 300) 0.40 (0.16, 0.98) 0.044
NLR (> 5) 0.58 (0.31, 1.10) 0.097
Steroid use 2.74 (1.62, 4.64) < 0.001
Antibiotics use 1.02 (0.52, 1.98) 0.954
Treatment
PD-1 CLTA-4 3 (1.35, 6.67) 0.007
PD-1 TKI 4 (1.71, 9.34) 0.001
Other1 4 (0.55, 28.97) 0.170
Multivariable model:
PLR (> 300) 0.26 (0.09, 0.74) 0.011
Steroid use 4.43 (2.21, 8.88) < 0.001
Treatment
PD-1/CLTA-4 2.57 (1.06, 6.24) 0.037
PD-1/TKI 3.39 (1.34, 8.56) 0.01
Other1 3.50 (0.21, 57.86) 0.381
1

Other include single agent cytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen-4 and other immune checkpoint inhibitors/tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations. CI: Confidence interval; PLR: Platelet-lymphocyte ratio; NLR: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio; PD-1: Programmed cell death ligand 1; CLTA-4: Cytotoxic t-lymphocyte antigen-4; TKI: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor.