Table 7.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of attitude
| Variables |
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
||
|
OR (95%CI)
|
P value
|
OR (95%CI)
|
P value
|
|
| Knowledge score (as continuous variables) | 1.24 (1.14-1.34) | < 0.001 | 1.23 (1.11-1.36) | < 0.001 |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 1.42 (0.73-2.74) | 0.300 | ||
| Female | Ref | |||
| Age | ||||
| ≤ 20 | Ref | |||
| 20-30 | 1.49 (0.52-4.25) | 0.461 | ||
| 30-40 | 1.29 (0.43-3.82) | 0.651 | ||
| > 40 | 1.27 (0.44-3.65) | 0.656 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Han | 4.69 (1.31-16.80) | 0.017 | 3.21 (0.66-15.59) | 0.149 |
| Minorities | Ref | Ref | ||
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | Ref | Ref | ||
| City | 2.47 (1.06-5.76) | 0.037 | 1.63 (0.61 4.32) | 0.329 |
| Suburb/urban-rural combination | 1.12 (0.51-2.44) | 0.779 | 0.98 (0.39-2.47) | 0.968 |
| Education | ||||
| Primary school and below | Ref | Ref | ||
| Middle school | 0.95 (0.30-2.97) | 0.925 | 0.85 (0.23-3.08) | 0.803 |
| High school/technical secondary school | 2.37 (0.70-8.05) | 0.165 | 0.87 (0.22-3.49) | 0.841 |
| Junior college/bachelor’s degree and above | 2.91 (0.95-8.94) | 0.062 | 0.82 (0.20-3.26) | 0.774 |
| Work status | ||||
| Employed | 2.65 (1.32-5.30) | 0.006 | 1.54 (0.64-3.70) | 0.338 |
| Other | Ref | Ref | ||
| Monthly per capita income | ||||
| < 5000 | Ref | Ref | ||
| 5000-10000 | 2.22 (0.97-5.09) | 0.060 | 1.10 (0.42-2.89) | 0.850 |
| > 10000 | 2.16 (0.85-5.46) | 0.105 | 1.06 (0.35-3.17) | 0.924 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Unmarried or other | Ref | |||
| Married | 0.97 (0.51-1.88) | 0.937 | ||
| Smoking habit | ||||
| No (no smoking) | Ref | |||
| Yes (smoking or used to smoke) | 0.88 (0.40-1.94) | 0.755 | ||
| Drinking habit | ||||
| No (no drinking) | Ref | |||
| Yes (drinking or used to drink) | 1.16 (0.57-2.36) | 0.689 | ||
| What kind of IBD is being diagnosed | ||||
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.75 (0.39-1.44) | 0.383 | ||
| Crohn’s disease | Ref | |||
| Duration of IBD | ||||
| < 1 yr | 0.92 (0.36-2.35) | 0.866 | ||
| 1-2 yr | 0.91 (0.29-2.90) | 0.873 | ||
| > 2 yr | Ref | |||
| Ostomy? | ||||
| Yes | 0.55 (0.19-1.53) | 0.250 | ||
| No | Ref | |||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Yes | 0.68 (0.31-1.51) | 0.341 | ||
| None | Ref | |||
| Family history of IBD | ||||
| Yes | 1.05 (0.13-8.64) | 0.962 | ||
| No | Ref | |||
| Surgical history | ||||
| Yes | 1.14 (0.59-2.19) | 0.698 | ||
| No | Ref | |||
| History of drug allergy | ||||
| Yes | 1.52 (0.52-4.47) | 0.448 | ||
| No | Ref | |||
| What kind of treatment is being received? | ||||
| 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs (e.g., mesalazine) | Ref | Ref | ||
| Glucocorticoids | - | - | - | - |
| Immunosuppressants (e.g., azathioprine, tacrolimus, cyclosporine, etc.) | 0.24 (0.02-2.22) | 0.206 | 0.38 (0.03-4.43) | 0.438 |
| Biological agents (e.g., infliximab, vedolizumab, ustekinumab) | 1.10 (0.24-5.02) | 0.899 | 0.88 (0.17-4.53) | 0.878 |
| Biological agents + immunosuppressants | 0.21 (0.03-1.32) | 0.096 | 0.16 (0.02-1.17) | 0.070 |
| Biological agents + 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs | 0.35 (0.05-2.51) | 0.298 | 0.17 (0.02-1.51) | 0.113 |
IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.