Table 4.

Different enablers factors found.

Facilitators summary
Governance and leadership National (27, 28, 31, 34, 36) Regional (32) District (33)	_Existence of a reference framework document _Existence of framework for reflection, orientation, and planning of health activities _Political good willingness of One Health intervention _Existence of the national One Health platform well-coordinated with multi-sectoral emergency response _Existence of virtual and physical meetings conducted by a multisectoral platform _Organization of joint and field simulation exercises to test the capacity for preparedness and response frameworks _Coordination group for the response with all sectors _Existence government leadership _Formal governance and leadership structures _High-level political backing _Strong political commitment _Existence of multisectoral and common objectives _Strong political will
Collaborative networks National (27–30) Regional (34) District (33, 34)	_ Good coordination between the public health and veterinary services at the central and decentralized level _Clear delineation of sectoral roles _Developing clear operational guidelines and frameworks for cross-sectoral collaboration _Energized communication between the Ministries of Health and Agriculture, awareness, and mutual professional respect _ Motivation of stakeholders to engage in collaboration for the surveillance _The culture of collaboration and collective interest _The existence of a shared vision _Trust based on respect and recognition _ Good governance of intersectoral surveillance _Existence of joint meeting that advocated ONE HEALTH approach with the implication of human, animal environmental sectors, and other institutions _Existence of district health emergency response teams _Coordination of the resource’s mobilization
Community engagement National (27, 31) Community level (27, 35)	_Implication of community _Consideration of food, environmental, social needs, religious, and cultural aspects before the intervention _ Orientation and education of people on good animal husbandry practices, the role and importance of the dog in providing security, and in the control of dog-associated rabies _Ensure good working relationships between animal and crop farmers in the context of One Health _Implication of anthropologist _Identify the need of the target population _Involvement in social mobilization _The benefit gain: cost saving, health benefits, gain of time, many services at the same time, and efforts _Knowledge and awareness of the importance of One Health intervention for the community
Surveillance and monitoring National (29, 31, 36) Regional (32) Community (34)	_Identification of the diseases of interest for the implementation _Presence of an effective data sharing system at all the level _Knowledge of the epidemiological cycles of diseases, which demonstrate the link between human, animal, and environmental compartments _Transfer of sample from health facility to zonal veterinary laboratory
Practices and experience (learning) National level (29) Regional (34) District (33, 34)	_Good knowledge of surveillance actors about the One Health concept _Good awareness of the importance of collaboration and multi-partner and ONE HEALTH approach to managing complex health problems _Retooling courses concerning the OH approach
Resources National (27, 28, 30, 31) Regional (32, 34) District (33) Community (27)	_ Funder’s adherence to the approach and existence of financial support from donors _Availability of personnel, resources, and fund _Trained and enough personnel _ Good resourcing considerations _ Ongoing financial support to weather the inter-ministerial “turf wars.” _ Mobilization of national budgets _Availability of qualified vaccinators and supervisors (actors) at the local level
Communication National (28, 36) Regional (32, 33) District (33, 34)	_Communication, information sharing _Building a joint communication platform for data sharing on zoonoses based on existing human and animal disease reporting systems _Leverage on past and ongoing collaborative mechanisms _Existence of good formal and information communication _Presence of formal channels of communication _Efforts of communication between human and animal sectors when diseases occurred _Good information exchange _Awareness of the “One Health” concept among policymakers