NLRP3-inflammasome in skin wound healing: physiological healing. In physiological healing, the early inflammatory response is characterized by expression of proinflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, and ROS produced by classically activated Mp in part by NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Induction of NLRP3 inflammasome activity in proinflammatory Mp is stimulated by NETs, and by IL-1β, TNF-α, and ROS. Proinflammatory Mp also expresses VEGF, stimulating EC and angiogenesis. During the late inflammatory response, Mp transition to noninflammatory phenotype, expressing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and growth factors TGF-β, IGF-1, and PDG-F. These factors contribute to recruitment, proliferation, and maturation of Kt, Fb, and EC, promoting granulation tissue formation, and collagen deposition. EC, endothelial cells; Fb, fibroblasts; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; IL-10, interleukin 10; Kt, keratinocytes; Mp, macrophages; NETs, neutrophil extracellular traps; TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.