Table 1. Exposure-Level Characteristics of Included Participants, Stratified by Biologic Class Exposure.
| Characteristic | Exposuresa | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFi (n = 11 855) | IL-17i (n = 4777) | IL-12/23i (n = 6430) | IL-23i (n = 1935) | |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 45 (36-54) | 48 (37-56) | 46 (36-55) | 49 (38-57) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 5141 (43) | 2086 (44) | 2741 (43) | 841 (43) |
| Male | 6714 (57) | 2691 (56) | 3689 (57) | 1094 (57) |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Black | 63 (1) | 38 (1) | 43 (1) | 17 (1) |
| Chinese | 80 (1) | 39 (1) | 45 (1) | 13 (1) |
| South Asian | 596 (5) | 332 (7) | 394 (6) | 148 (8) |
| White | 10 852 (92) | 4244 (89) | 5791 (90) | 1712 (88) |
| Otherb | 264 (2) | 124 (3) | 157 (2) | 45 (2) |
| Atopy at baseline | ||||
| AD | 65 (1) | 38 (1) | 43 (1) | 21 (1) |
| Asthma | 1329 (11) | 548 (11) | 738 (11) | 269 (14) |
| Hay fever | 102 (1) | 39 (1) | 42 (1) | 24 (1) |
| PsA at baseline | 3470 (29) | 1573 (33) | 1395 (22) | 417 (22) |
| Other psoriasis phenotypes | ||||
| Erythrodermic | 2069 (17) | 818 (17) | 1149 (18) | 320 (16) |
| Generalized pustular | 537 (5) | 239 (5) | 291 (5) | 78 (4) |
| Palmoplantar pustulosis | 270 (2) | 107 (2) | 123 (2) | 43 (2) |
| Combined with nonbiologic systemic at biologic initiation | ||||
| Methotrexate | 1179 (10) | 399 (8) | 445 (7) | 115 (6) |
| Acitretin | 115 (1) | 43 (1) | 72 (1) | 15 (1) |
| Hydroxycarbamide | 25 (<1) | 12 (<1) | 17 (<1) | 7 (<1) |
| Apremilast | 22 (<1) | 47 (1) | 14 (<1) | 31 (2) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 22 (<1) | 5 (<0.1) | 13 (<1) | 5 (<1) |
| Cyclosporine | 465 (4) | 125 (3) | 239 (4) | 46 (2) |
| Dimethyl fumarate | 72 (1) | 10 (<1) | 27 (<1) | 2 (<1) |
| PUVA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Combined with nonbiologic systemic at any point | ||||
| Methotrexate | 1956 (16) | 601 (13) | 747 (12) | 147 (8) |
| Acitretin | 252 (2) | 75 (2) | 153 (2) | 22 (1) |
| Hydroxycarbamide | 64 (1) | 24 (1) | 51 (1) | 8 (<1) |
| Apremilast | 40 (<1) | 81 (2) | 39 (1) | 38 (2) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 30 (<1) | 12 (<1) | 20 (<1) | 5 (<1) |
| Cyclosporine | 668 (6) | 159 (3) | 319 (5) | 50 (3) |
| Dimethyl fumarate | 102 (1) | 18 (<1) | 35 (1) | 3 (<1) |
| PUVA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Abbreviations: AD, atopic dermatitis; IL-12/23i, interleukin 12/23 inhibitor; IL-17i, interleukin 17 inhibitor; IL-23i, interleukin 23 inhibitor; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; PUVA, psoralen–UV-A; TNFi, tumor necrosis factor inhibitor.
a
Data are presented as number (percentage) of exposures unless otherwise indicated.
b
Includes ethnicities defined as other by the study participant or missing ethnicity (n = 20).