Fig. 2.

Methodology of selecting optimal number of brain clusters and subtypes. a Bootstrap analysis of stable clusters on cortical and subcortical volume. The stability matrix showed that partitions of the brain were classified into stable clusters. b, c Cross-validation was employed and (b) out-of-sample log-likelihood and (c) CVIC were both calculated to select the optimal number of subtypes. d Subtype probability across SuStaIn stages. CVIC cross-validation information criterion