Table 3.
Effect sizes in the meta-analysis of studies on panic disorder in patients with bipolar disorder
| k | n | Prevalence, n (%) | 95% CI (%) | Q | P value | I2, n (%) | 95% CI (%) | |
| Cross-sectional studies | ||||||||
| FE model | 15 | 3391 | 11.5 | 10.4 to 12.6 | ||||
| RE model | 15 | 3391 | 15.1 | 7.9 to 23.9 | 343.5 | <0.001 | 95.9 | 94.5 to 97.0 |
| RE model without outliers | 14 | 3295 | 13.0 | 7.0 to 20.3 | 253.9 | <0.001 | 94.9 | 92.9 to 96.3 |
| RE in subgroup analysis 1 | 7 | 1228 | 12.3 | 1.2 to 31.3 | 120.9 | <0.001 | 95.0 | 92.0 to 96.9 |
| FE in subgroup analysis 2 | 2 | 161 | 12.9 | 8.0 to 18.7 | ||||
| Subgroup analysis 1: BD-I samples only. Subgroup analysis 2: BD-II samples only; since there were two studies only, the FE model was reported. | ||||||||
| Longitudinal studies | ||||||||
| FE model | 25 | 8226 | 15.5 | 14.7 to 16.3 | ||||
| RE model | 25 | 8226 | 16.8 | 12.2 to 22.0 | 546.5 | <0.001 | 95.6 | 94.5 to 96.5 |
| RE model without outliers | 24 | 8157 | 15.5 | 11.6 to 19.9 | 491.7 | <0.001 | 95.3 | 94.0 to 96.3 |
| RE in subgroup analysis 1 | 9 | 2852 | 14.0 | 8.0 to 20.9 | 137.7 | <0.001 | 94.2 | 91.0 to 96.3 |
| RE in subgroup analysis 2 | 4 | 217 | 14.8 | 1.7 to 35.8 | 11.1 | 0.011 | 73.1 | 24.2 to 90.4 |
| Subgroup analysis 1: BD-I samples only. Subgroup analysis 2: BD-II samples only. | ||||||||
BD, bipolar disorder; FE, fixed-effect model; k, number of included studies; n, number of patients in the included studies; RE, random-effects model with empirical Bayes estimator.