| 1 |
Harrington et al. (2021)
20
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Sensors automatically and continuously collect vital signs for monitoring via non-contact adherence (passive) |
Weight measurement Respiratory measurement BCG measurement Two-person weight demixing Two-person respiratory demixing Clinical sleep or apnea
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Bed scales can perform passive weight, heart rate, hemodynamic consequences, apnea, and respiratory status monitoring Even if a patient shares a bed with a partner or pet, Bed scales can measure weight and respiratory status with high resolution Over clinically relevant weight ranges, Bed scales weight estimates are linearly correlated with commercial floor scales The real-world durability of Bed scales is long term
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The variable quality of BCG as determined by two people Bed scales furniture compatibility limitation that cannot be supported by sensors at discrete locations and necessitates sensor positioning by someone other than the patient
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| 2 |
Tillis et al. (2017)
21
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Sensors, daily activity measurement via passive motion-sensing technology, and a remote care management system for vital sign symptoms |
Hourly activity Treatments Daily average activity readings Patient satisfaction survey
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Motion sensing (sensors for hourly and daily activity measures), spirometry (treatment or COPD progress include exacerbation), and symptom diaries seem to be viable additions to conventional telemedicine techniques According to a patient satisfaction survey, most patients feel comfortable and at ease measuring their daily vitality
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When there is more than one person in the house, both passive and active sensor methods encounter technical difficulties Non-patients activating the motion sensor, making it impossible to distinguish between individual activity patterns Some pilot readings may differ slightly from those taken in the general office, pulmonary office, and unobserved patients at home
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| 3 |
Bravata et al. (2017)
22
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Automatic devices (passive interaction) for vital sign monitoring |
Sleep apnea diagnosis OSA treatment Hypertension control
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The strategy successfully diagnosed sleep apnea with 97.1% (102/105) valid studies; 90.6% (48/53, 95% CI 82.7–98.4%) of sleep apnea was undiagnosed among control patients The intervention improved long-term excellent CPAP use: 38.6% (22/57) intervention versus 0% (0/2) control (p < 0.0001). But the intervention did not improve hypertension control in this population with well-controlled baseline blood pressure In-home diagnostic and treatment strategies can be effectively deployed to supplement sleep medicine services that are provided in a sleep laboratory
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The trial's limitation is its focus on the veteran population, which may limit generalizability to women because there were few female patients in this study All of the patients in this trial had a history of cerebrovascular disease and hypertension, which should not be generalized to the setting of an acute cerebrovascular event Because the study population had relatively mild stroke severity, the findings may not be generalizable to a population of chronic cerebrovascular disease patients with more severe neurological impairments
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| 4 |
Chang et al. (2019)
23
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Sensors, active and simultaneous, for vital sign measuring |
Respiratory parameters (comparison across techniques) Agreement between monitoring methods Oxygen saturation
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The study showed good agreement between home testing with in-laboratory polysomnography to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea in patients with COPD The lower oxygen saturation levels recorded on this portable monitor than on the in-laboratory polysomnography, likely due to differences among pulse oximeters, would result in more patients with COPD being started on oxygen treatment based on this portable monitor
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This study excluded patients who were prescribed supplemental oxygen therapy, reducing the study's generalizability Participants were recruited from COPD patients referred to a sleep center who had a high pre-test probability of OSA Type 3 PM devices do not assess CO2 levels, which means that in patients with COPD, CO2 retention may develop during sleep and go undetected by HAST
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| 5 |
Attali et al. (2020)
24
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Devices with passive interactions for vital sign measurement |
Quality of sleep Cognitive arousals Device acceptance
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A vibrotactile stimulus can induce awakening in most healthy individuals. However, the device used in this study was significantly less effective to awaken CH and COPD patients compared to healthy subjects The vibrating alarm was followed by a cognitive arousal in 94% of cases, and 13 of the 18 healthy subjects exhibited cognitive arousal in response to 100% of the alarms (optimal awakening profile) A clinical arousal was observed in 99% of cases, with 17 of the 18 healthy subjects exhibiting clinical arousal in response to 100% of the alarms regardless of the stage of sleep
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When compared to healthy subjects, the device used in this study was significantly less effective at waking up CH and COPD patients Because the study did not use polysomnography to characterize sleep but instead relied on actimetry, it was difficult to determine whether the subjects were actually asleep at the time the devices were triggered, complicating data interpretation There was no comparison of vibrotactile and auditory stimuli in our study, which is a significant limitation, as such a comparison of efficacy and tolerability would have been especially useful
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| 6 |
Kamp et al. (2020)
25
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Wearable devices with sensors for vital sign measurements |
Physical activity Lung function Sleep parameter Medication adherence and use Heart and respiratory rate
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Data acquired from home monitoring devices is strongly associated with the control of asthma, as assessed in the outpatient clinic during an extensive evaluation including a bronchi provocation test The variation in lung function, the wake-up time, the reliever usage, and the recovery time of the respiratory rate after exercise did significantly distinguish between controlled and uncontrolled asthma in univariate analysis The combination of these parameters can accurately identify 88.9% of all uncontrolled asthmatic children, suggesting a high potential of a holistic monitoring approach to assess pediatric asthma control at home
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The study's limitation is that the non-asthmatic group was not gender matched to the asthma groups The study's model was built on a training dataset, which must be validated with a validation dataset of asthmatic children's home-monitoring data to determine the exact effect size
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| 7 |
Li et al. (2018)
26
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Sensors and internet of things technology for vital sign measurements |
Exercise capacity improvement 6-min walk test, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes, echocardiographic parameters, cardiac biomarkers, major adverse cardiovascular events, quality of life, psychological well-being, and patients’ adherence to the rehabilitation program
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Wearable ECG monitors can evaluate whether patients reach the intensity based on the heart rate and promptly alert the patients to ensure that exercise intensity is within the preset range REMS can detect risky arrhythmia and provide an early warning to both the patients and their doctors, which can encourage patients to overcome fear and adhere to exercise Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) can be used to evaluate patient exercise capacity and exertional symptoms and can provide numerous physiological parameters
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The small sample size of this single-center study is a limitation The study was conducted with a short-term follow-up, requiring a long-term follow-up and extending the exercise for 6 months to obtain better data on adherence
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| 8 |
Walker et al. (2018)
27
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Devices and systems for daily live activity and vital sign measurements |
The time to first hospitalization (TTFH) Change in the EQ-5D utility index score Moderate exacerbation rate
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Despite the acceptability of the monitoring system to patients, with a high adherence rate, its use did not affect overall TTFH, admission rate, or patient's quality of life assessed by EQ-5D |
The study was limited by a lower-than-expected number of hospitalizations and variation in health-care patterns across healthcare systems There was no independent study endpoint committee to review the causes of death, which could have been differences in the hospitalization threshold The nature of the intervention was revealed to both the participants and the study team
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| 9 |
Naranjo-Hernandez et al. (2018)
28
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Automatic sensors for vital sign measurements |
Inspiratory time Expiratory time Respiratory rate
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The smart sensor was more precise at estimating the inspiratory and expiratory times The signal estimated by the proposed sensor approximates the predicted stepped signal with greater stability and a smaller number of artifacts than the reference device The proposed system offers a real-time estimation of the respiratory pattern waveform at each moment that is more detailed which can be useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple pathologies The smart vest was much more comfortable for the subject than the reference device
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Not available |
