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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 7.
Published in final edited form as: JEMS Exclus. 2023 Oct 23;2023:https://www.jems.com/administration-and-leadership/prevalence-social-needs-social-risks-ems-providers/.

Table 3:

Social Needs/Risks By Sex

Social Need Female Male p-value
Housing Insecurity
Before EMS 20.8% 19.7% 0.6556
During EMS 28.3% 19.2% 0.0006
At Present 13.3% 10.6% 0.1818
Food Insecurity
Before EMS 25.3% 18.6% 0.0096
During EMS 28.3% 26.5% 0.5238
At Present 9.3% 8.1% 0.4871
Substance Use
Before EMS 14.3% 13.3% 0.6377
During EMS 19.1% 21.0% 0.4393
At Present 15.5% 13.0% 0.2397
Mental Health Concerns
Before EMS 21.1% 15.7% 0.0250
During EMS 42.9% 40.5% 0.4561
At Present 26.6% 28.5% 0.5024
Domestic Violence
Before EMS 16.8% 10.6% 0.0034
During EMS 23.1% 15.1% 0.0010
At Present 9.8% 8.2% 0.3780
Healthcare Affordability
Before EMS 22.8% 18.5% 0.0876
During EMS 31.3% 30.0% 0.6370
At Present 27.8% 24.0% 0.1646