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. 2023 Jul 23;2(3):161–175. doi: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.07.005

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© 2023 The Author(s)

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 4 — (a) Schematic diagram of the crystal violet (CV) loading process and release mechanism of PAA-b-PNIPAm copolymers, and the cumulative release of CV in copolymers with different PNIPAm chain lengths, i.e., (b) PAA₅₀-b-PNIPAm₅₀ and (c) PAA₅₀-b-PNIPAm_450, at different pH (4.5, 6.0, and 7.5) and temperature (20 and 40 °C). Panels a–c are reprinted in part with permission from ref. [80]. Copyright (2020) American Chemical Society. PAA-b-PNIPAm, poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide).