TABLE 3.
List of parameters used in comparative study of the developed method with the existing methods in mango fruit drink for residue analysis.
| Parameters used in analysis | M.I. | MII. | M.III. | MIV. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Method | Naz et al | Zhang et al. (2014) | Deme and Upadhyayula (2015) | Proposed method |
| Extraction method | SPE | QuEChERS and DLLME | d-SPE using MWCNTs | Citrate QuEChERS |
| Sample size (g) | 15 | 5 | ||
| Extraction buffers*/adsorbent#/solvent | Acetonitrile | Acetone, CCl4, ACN | MWCNTs #, Methanol, ACN, Ethyl acetate, DCM for elution. Methanol, DCM for extraction of analytes from MWCNTs | Citrate buffers*, Anhy. MgSO4 #, Acetonitrile |
| Extraction solvent volume (mL) | 5 mL for conditioning of SPE, 2*2 mL for elution) | 1 mL acetone, 60 µL CCl4 15 mL ACN (QuEChERS) | 3 mL of 40:60 v/v Methanol, DCM | 5 |
| Mobile phase solvents | Acetonitrile and water | N2 carrier gas | Methanol (5% toluene), water | Methanol and water |
| Run time (min) | 10 | 32 | 10 | 22 |
| Flow rate (mL/min) | 1 | 1 | 0.2 | |
| Sample injection | Manual | Automated | Automated | Automated |
| Sample injection volume (µL) | 20 | 1 | 10 | 2 |
| Number of pesticides analysed | 1 (Cypermethrin) | 10 (Synthetic pyrethroids) | 41 (Organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, synthetic pyrethroids) | 103 (different groups of insecticides, fungicides, herbicides) |
| LOQ (µL/L) | <MRL (0.01 mg/kg) in mango | 1–5 | 0.1–0.5 | |
| Instrument | Shimadzu HPLC- PDA | Agilent GC-ECD | Thermo Scientific UPLC-APPI-HRMS | Shimadzu 8030 LC-MS/MS with ESI |
*
Buffers, # Adsorbent.