Table 2.
Univariate analysis for cognitive function.
| Variable | CERAD test | Animal fluency test | Digital symbol substitution test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value | |
| Female | 1.95 (1.58–2.42) | <0.001 | 1.02 (0.83–1.26) | 0.834 | 1.55 (1.26–1.9) | <0.001 |
| Age | 0.92 (0.9–0.93) | <0.001 | 0.95 (0.94–0.97) | <0.001 | 0.94 (0.93–0.96) | <0.001 |
| Race (%) | ||||||
| Other Hispanic | 0.99 (0.62–1.58) | 0.978 | 0.62 (0.38–1.01) | 0.053 | 0.67 (0.44–1.02) | 0.059 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 1.35 (0.93–1.95) | 0.116 | 1.34 (0.88–2.03) | 0.169 | 3.43 (2.41–4.89) | <0.001 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 1.21 (0.81–1.81) | 0.359 | 0.48 (0.31–0.74) | 0.001 | 1.03 (0.72–1.49) | 0.857 |
| Others | 2.08 (1.2–3.61) | 0.009 | 0.72 (0.43–1.21) | 0.21 | 7.37 (3.79–14.32) | <0.001 |
| Marriage (%) | ||||||
| Widowed | 0.66 (0.5–0.85) | 0.002 | 0.58 (0.44–0.75) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.38–0.63) | <0.001 |
| Divorced | 1.22 (0.88–1.71) | 0.239 | 0.99 (0.72–1.37) | 0.972 | 0.95 (0.69–1.3) | 0.744 |
| Separated | 0.68 (0.37–1.25) | 0.218 | 0.65 (0.35–1.2) | 0.165 | 0.26 (0.15–0.44) | <0.001 |
| Never married | 0.93 (0.58–1.48) | 0.759 | 1.1 (0.67–1.8) | 0.704 | 0.9 (0.57–1.43) | 0.658 |
| Living with partner | 0.77 (0.41–1.43) | 0.401 | 1.7 (0.76–3.81) | 0.195 | 0.82 (0.43–1.55) | 0.537 |
| Hypertension (%) | 0.64 (0.52–0.79) | <0.001 | 0.86 (0.69–1.06) | 0.154 | 0.57 (0.46–0.7) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes (%) | 1.28 (1–1.63) | 0.047 | 1.52 (1.19–1.93) | 0.001 | 1.97 (1.57–2.48) | <0.001 |
| Boundary value | 1.3 (0.76–2.22) | 0.33 | 1.66 (0.96–2.87) | 0.072 | 1.74 (1.04–2.9) | 0.034 |
| Monthly income (%) | ||||||
| 4,600–8,399 | 1.63 (1.27–2.08) | <0.001 | 1.42 (1.12–1.81) | 0.004 | 2.64 (2.08–3.37) | <0.001 |
| ≧8400 | 2.4 (1.82–3.16) | <0.001 | 2.52 (1.9–3.35) | <0.001 | 6.04 (4.43–8.25) | <0.001 |
| CKD (%) | 1.62 (1.26–2.08) | <0.001 | 1.8 (1.4–2.31) | <0.001 | 2.22 (1.75–2.82) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C | 1.01 (1–1.02) | 0.015 | 1.01 (1–1.02) | 0.016 | 1.01 (1–1.02) | 0.005 |
| BMI | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | 0.004 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.259 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.433 |
| Drinking (%) | ||||||
| Former | 0.82 (0.61–1.1) | 0.178 | 0.75 (0.57–1) | 0.051 | 0.71 (0.54–0.93) | 0.014 |
| Current | 1.23 (0.97–1.57) | 0.087 | 1.66 (1.3–2.12) | <0.001 | 1.8 (1.42–2.29) | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | ||||||
| Former | 1.02 (0.82–1.28) | 0.831 | 1.02 (0.82–1.28) | 0.846 | 1 (0.8–1.25) | 0.986 |
| Current | 1.12 (0.8–1.57) | 0.519 | 0.89 (0.64–1.23) | 0.472 | 0.64 (0.47–0.87) | 0.005 |
| Depressive (%) | 0.67 (0.48–0.94) | 0.019 | 0.45 (0.33–0.62) | <0.001 | 0.42 (0.31–0.58) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity (%) | 1.58 (1.2–2.07) | 0.001 | 1.7 (1.29–2.25) | <0.001 | 1.63 (1.25–2.12) | <0.001 |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; HDL-C, High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BMI, body mass index; CERAD, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease.