. 2023 Oct 18;9:e1649. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1649

Table 1. Key notations used in this article.

Symbol	Description
e-voting	Electronic voting
CC	Counting center
CA	Certificate authority
KC	Key center
PC	Publicity center
$H E_{p u b}$	The public key of homomorphic encryption
$H E_{p r i v}$	The private key of homomorphic encryption
$C C_{p u b}$	The public key of counting center
$C C_{p r i v}$	The private key of counting center
$u_{i}$	User $i$ who is voter
$u_{p u b}$	The public key that belongs only to $u_{i}$ .
$u_{p r i v}$	The private key that belongs only to $u_{i}$ .
$m_{i}$	The plaintext of the vote that belongs to $u_{i}$ .
$c_{i}^{'}$	The first layer of ciphertext after using $H E_{p u b}$ homeomorphic encryption
$s$	Generated by using $u_{p r i v}$ , which together with $c_{i}^{'}$ forms the second layer of ciphertext
C	Generated by using $C C_{p u b}$ to encrypt $s$
$c^{'}$	The counting result in ciphertext
$m$	The counting result in plaintext
$C o s t_{e}$	The time required for a decentralized multiplication operation
$N_{v}$	The number of voters
$N_{c}$	The number of candidates
$C o s t_{v o t e r}$	For each voter client, the time cost of the voting phase
$C o s t_{C C}$	The time cost for processing a ballot in the CC