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. 2023 Nov 29;9:e1705. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.1705

Table 3. Advantage and disadvantage of blockchain.

Advantages Disadvantages
Security: enhanced data protection through cryptographic techniques and decentralization. Scalability: potential performance issues due to distributed nature.
Transparency: Distributed ledger ensures all participants have access to the same information. Energy consumption: proof-of-work consensus mechanisms can be energy-intensive.
Decentralization: no central authority, reducing the risk of single point of failure. Lack of regulation: regulatory uncertainties and potential misuse.
Immutability: tamper-resistant data records once recorded on the blockchain. Irreversibility of transactions: difficult to undo incorrect transactions or fraud.
Fast and low-cost transactions: peer-to-peer transactions without intermediaries. Complexity and learning curve: technical expertise required for understanding.
Traceability and audibility: timestamped and transparent transaction history. Data storage: expensive and impractical for large data storage.
Smart contracts: automated self-executing contracts with predefined conditions. Limited throughput: longer transaction processing time in some blockchains.
Enhanced privacy: pseudonymity for added privacy. Lack of governance mechanisms: slow decision-making and consensus challenges.
Global accessibility: internet-based accessibility for anyone with an internet connection. Security vulnerabilities: potential vulnerabilities in implementation.
Reduced fraud: tamper-resistant nature reduces fraudulent activities. Interoperability challenges: difficulty in transferring data between different blockchains.