. 2023 Nov 22;14:1289032. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1289032

Table 1.

Prevalence and epidemiology of rotavirus infection in Bangladesh, 1973-2023.

Study	Year/Place	No.	Age	Sex ratio Male: Female	Rota positive number (%)	Diagnosis method	Species	Other pathogens (%)
Black et al. (1981) (20)	1977-79, Matlab	877	<2 years	N/A	43 (5)	ELISA	RVA	E. coli (23) Shigella spp (11)
Black et al. (1980) (21)	1978-79, Matlab	6352	All	N/A	1525 (24)	ELISA	RVA	E. coli (32), Salmonella (<1), Shigella (6), V. cholerae (14), V. parahaemolyticus (<1)
Ahmed et al. (1989) (22)	1988, Dhaka, Mymensingh	414	All	N/A	124 (30)	ELISA PAGE	RVA	N/A
Tabassum et al. (1989) (23)	Dhaka	111	<5 years	N/A	35 (32)	ELISA PAGE RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Bingnan et al. (1991) (24)	1987-89, Matlab	5811	All	N/A	898 (15.5)	ELISA PAGE	RVA	Shigella spp
Berne et al. (1992) (25)	1987-89, Matlab	2441	<2 years	N/A	764 (31)	ELISA	RVA	N/A
Sanekata et al. (2003) (26)	2000-01, Mymensingh	287	All	N/A	14 (4.9)	RT-PCR	RVB	N/A
Rahman et al. (2005) (27)	2003, Dhaka	611	All	1.3:1	14 (2.3)	RT-PCR	RVC	Vibrio cholerae O1 (8) S. flexneri (2)
Rahman et al. (2007) (28)	2001-2006, Total	19,039	All	N/A	4,712 (24)	Dakopatts kit RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
	Dhaka	10739			2706 (25.2)
	Matlab	8300			1938 (23.3)
Tanaka et al. (2007) (29)	1993-2004, Matlab	4596	All	N/A	1617 (35)	ELISA	RVA	V. cholerae (6) Shigella (11) Salmonella (1) Parasites (2)
Tanaka et al. (2007) (29)	2000-2004, Dhaka	18,300	All	N/A	6056 (33)	ELISA	RVA	V. cholerae (12) Shigella (7) Salmonella (2) Parasites (2)
Paul et al. (2008) (30)	2004-2006, Mymensingh	1627	Children	N/A	430 (26.4)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Paul et al. (2008) (30)	2004-2006, Mymensingh	913	Adult	N/A	92 (10.1)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Paul et al. (2008) (31)	2004-2006, Mymensingh	1438	All	N/A	171 (11.9)	ELISA	RVA	N/A
Zaman et al. (2009) (32)	2000-2006, Matlab	4519	<5 years	N/A	1479 (33)	ELISA RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Dey et al. (2009) (33)	2004-2005, Dhaka	917	<5 years	1.3:1	307 (33.5)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Islam et al. (2009) (34)	2006-2007, Mymensingh^#	315 251	All	N/A	111 (35.28) 33 (14.28)	PAGE-SS RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Ahmed et al. (2010) (35)	2005-2006, Dhaka	656	<5 years	1.3:1	259 (39.5)	ELISA	RVA	N/A
Rahman et al. (2011) (36)	2006-2009, Dhaka	7058	All	N/A	1607 (23)	Dakopatts kit ELISA	RVA	N/A
Afrad et al. (2013) (37)	2006-2012, Matlab	9678	All	N/A	1936 (20.3)	ELISA	RVA	N/A
Sarker et al. (2014) (38)	Dhaka, 1993-1997	9879	<5 years	1.6:1	2493 (25)	ELISA	RVA	N/A
	Dhaka 2008-2012	6575			2864 (42)
	Total	16454			5347 (32.5)
Tanmoy et al. (2016) (39)	2012, Dhaka	297	<5 years	1.6:1	159 (54)	RT-PCR ELISA	RVA	N/A
Satter et al. (2017) (40)	2012-2015, Dhaka, Rajshahi, Sylhet, Chittagong, Rangpur, Khulna and Barisal	3783	<5 years	1.6:1	2432 (64)	ELISA RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Haque et al. (2018) (41)	2012-16, Dhaka	1110	All	N/A	351 (32)	ELISA RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Satter et al. (2018) (42)	2012-2017, Dhaka, Rajshahi, Sylhet, Chittagong, Rangpur, Khulna and Barisal	7562	<5 years	N/A	4,832 (64)	ELISA RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Dey et al. (2020) (43)	2014-2019, Chattogram, Savar and Sirajganj	572	<15 years	1.6:1	211 (36.8)	RT-PCR	RVA	Norovirus, adenovirus, human bocavirus
Sharif et al. (2020) (44)	2014-2019, Chattogram, Savar and Sirajganj	387	<15	1.1:1	102 (26.3) (29.8)	RT-PCR	RVA	E. coli Vibrio cholerae Salmonella Shigella Norovirus, adenovirus, human bocavirus
Sarkar et al. (2019) (45)	2014*	82	All	N/A	50	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Islam et al. (2020) (46)	2013, Multiple site*	454	N/A	N/A	45 (10)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Islam et al. (2020) (47)	2011-2014, Dhaka, Faridpur, Manikganj and Tangail, Rajbari*	416	N/A	N/A	50 (12)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Hossain et al. (2020) (48)	2009-2010, Netrokona Dinajpur, Chattogram*	241	N/A	N/A	15 (6.2)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A
Hossain et al. (2020) (48)	2009-2010, Netrokona Dinajpur, Chattogram*	279	N/A	N/A	46 (16.5)	RT-PCR	RVA	N/A

*non-human primates.

#Birds