Table 1.
Participant characteristics by U.S. census region
| Characteristic | U.S. Census Region |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northeast | Midwest | South | West | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, yr | 56.3 ± 17.3 | 55.3 ± 16.5 | 56.3 ± 16.3 | 50.5 ± 17.7 |
| Female sex at birth, % | 75.4 | 76.7 | 77.5 | 74.2 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 29.6 ± 6.9 | 30.3 ± 7.9 | 29.3 ± 7.3 | 29.3 ± 6.6 |
| Race, % | ||||
| White | 82.7 | 80.9 | 68.9 | 68.7 |
| Black or African American | 8.1 | 10.5 | 24.4 | 4.3 |
| Asian | 0.7 | 2.4 | 1.8 | 7.9 |
| Other | 8.5 | 6.3 | 4.9 | 19.1 |
| Hispanic ethnicity, % | 6.2 | 2.4 | 5.9 | 22.8 |
| Born outside the United States, % | 7.9 | 6.6 | 8.2 | 15.8 |
| Married, % | 54.0 | 55.7 | 47.2 | 40.3 |
| Employed, % | 27.7 | 28.5 | 25.6 | 21.4 |
| Self-reported insurance/payors, % | ||||
| Private | 59.5 | 56.1 | 53.1 | 38.7 |
| Medicare | 48.0 | 44.2 | 46.7 | 36.3 |
| Medicaid | 11.6 | 14.3 | 15.9 | 16.7 |
| Other (Indian Health, military, etc.) | 11.4 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 34.3 |
| No coverage | 0.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.1 |
| Don’t know | 2.6 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 2.7 |
| PAH etiology | ||||
| Idiopathic/familial, % | 45.6 | 48.4 | 51.9 | 30.6 |
| Toxin, % | 3.6 | 5.3 | 3.5 | 29.4 |
| Connective tissue disease, % | 33.6 | 33.2 | 32.3 | 26.5 |
| Portopulmonary hypertension, % | 9.8 | 7.4 | 4.1 | 5.8 |
| Congenital, % | 6.2 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 6.5 |
| Other, % | 1.3 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 1.1 |
| Health behaviors | ||||
| 100+ cigarettes in lifetime, % | 48.7 | 47.3 | 41.3 | 45.5 |
| Smoked in the past 30 days, % | 3.9 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 8.7 |
| Current alcohol use, % | 38.8 | 36.1 | 26.3 | 33.5 |
| Vaccinations at baseline | ||||
| Never received flu vaccine, % | 56.0 | 32.1 | 38.2 | 41.1 |
| Never received pneumococcal vaccine, % | 64.8 | 43.3 | 43.8 | 48.8 |
Definition of abbreviation: PAH = pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Data are presented as mean ± SD or as percentages.
Bold indicates conceptual domains.