Table 5.
Predictions of Average Earnings from 2006 to 2014, by Race, Gender, and College Quality, Women
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| (Unconditional) | (+ Family Background and Armed Forces Qualifying Test Score) | (+ Share of Years Reporting Zero Weeks Worked) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
| $ | P | w ≠ m | $ | P | w ≠ m | $ | P | w ≠ m | |
|
| |||||||||
| Whites | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Community | 22,785.51 | ††† | 22,570.30 | ††† | 16,847.37 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Non- or Less Competitive | 31,472.83 | ††† | 32,230.55 | ††† | 24,502.73 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Competitive | 38,405.27 | ††† | 38,762.56 | ††† | 34,839.60 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Very, Highly, or Most Competitive | 33,027.31 | ††† | 32,708.16 | ††† | 22,646.03 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Blacks | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Community | 20,955.78 | ††† | 26,027.53 | †† | 18,027.87 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Non- or Less Competitive | 32,175.80 | 38,988.42 | 25,409.79 | ††† | |||||
|
| |||||||||
| Competitive | 31,441.69 | †† | 34,802.00 | †† | 31,327.45 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Very, Highly, or Most Competitive | 41,313.72 | 46,159.59 | † | 34,599.69 | ††† | ||||
|
| |||||||||
| Hispanics | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Community | 28,693.90 | * | 32,546.98 | *** | 20,332.50 | * | ††† | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Non- or Less Competitive | 38,847.15 | †† | 46,635.16 | * | †† | 30,425.31 | ††† | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Competitive | 40,771.97 | †† | 45,921.56 | †† | 37,567.70 | ††† | |||
|
| |||||||||
| Very, Highly, or Most Competitive | 25,482.06 | ††† | 29,155.82 | ††† | 27,980.69 | ††† | |||
Note: Asterisks indicate significance of difference in earnings relative to same-quality Whites:
p < .05
p < .01
p < .001. Crosses indicate significance of difference in earnings relative to same-quality, same-race men (see Table 4):
p < .05
p < .01
p < .001. Average earnings includes years of $0 if respondent also reported at least one year of ≥$1 earnings during the observation period. Model 1 predictions are for a college-goer who has completed 14 years at community college or 16 years at four-year colleges. Model 2 adds to Model 1 control variables for background characteristics and re-predicts earnings as if college-goers had the means on those variables of same-gender Whites who attended colleges of that quality. Model 3 adds to Model 2 a control variable for share of years during the observation period that the respondent reported zero weeks worked and again re-predicts earnings at the means of same-gender Whites who attended colleges of that quality. See Online Appendix Table 4 for regression coefficients.