Table 3.
Additive joint interaction for included air pollutants exposure and genetic categories on the incident coronary artery disease
| Air pollutionb | CAD PRS (tertiles)c | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intermediatea | Higha | |||
| RERI (95% CI) | AP (95% CI) | RERI (95% CI) | AP (95% CI) | |
| PM2.5 | ||||
| High pollution | 0.26 (0.20, 0.32) | 0.28 (0.22, 0.33) | 0.12 (0.05, 0.19) | 0.09 (0.04, 0.14) |
| PM10 | ||||
| High pollution | 0.23 (0.17, 0.29) | 0.25 (0.19, 0.31) | 0.17 (0.10, 0.24) | 0.12 (0.07, 0.18) |
| NO2 | ||||
| High pollution | 0.29 (0.24, 0.35) | 0.31 (0.26, 0.36) | 0.14 (0.07, 0.21) | 0.11 (0.06, 0.16) |
| NOx | ||||
| High pollution | 0.30 (0.25, 0.36) | 0.32 (0.27, 0.37) | 0.17 (0.10, 0.24) | 0.13 (0.08, 0.18) |
Adjusted for age (continuous), sex (male/female), alcohol consumption (never, previous, current, missing), smoking status (never, previous, current, missing), body mass index (< 25 kg/m2, 25 to 29.9 kg/m2, ≥ 30 kg/m2, missing), education level (College or University degree, A/AS-level, O-level/GCSE, CSE, NVQ/HND/HNC, other qualifications, none), UK Biobank assessment center, physical activity (continuous, MET-min/week), diabetes at baseline (yes/no), cardiovascular disease at baseline (yes/no), genotyping batch, and the first 4 genetic principal components
RERI relative excess risk due to interaction, AP attributable proportion due to interaction, CI confidence interval, PRS polygenic risk score, CAD coronary artery disease, PM2.5, fine particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM10 particulate matter with diameter ≤ 10 μm, NOx nitrogen oxides, NO2 nitrogen dioxide
aDefined by polygenic risk score: low (lowest tertiles), intermediate (second tertiles) and high (highest tertiles)
bDefined by median of air pollutants including PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and NOx concentration
cTo estimate RERI and AP, the lower air pollution category and the lowest genetic risk (low PRS) groups were the reference categories