Table1.
Characteristics of enrolled patients
| Patients, n (%) | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Enrolled, N = 899a | Cases, N = 47a | Controls, N = 852a | Cases vs Controls |
| Aged | 59 (50, 68) | 66 (57, 71) | 58 (50, 67) | < 0.001‖ |
| disease severityb | 0.33 | |||
| Nonsevere | 675 (75.0%) | 32 (68.0%) | 643 (75.5%) | |
| severe | 224 (24.9%) | 15 (31.9%) | 209 (24.5%) | |
| Length of hospital stayd | 14 (8, 20) | 15 (10, 20) | 14 (8, 20) | 0.62 |
| ICU admissionc | 17 (1.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 17 (2.0%) | > 0.99 |
| Oxygen therapyb | 627 (69.7%) | 38 (80.9%) | 589 (69.1%) | 0.12 |
| Mechanical ventilationc | 5 (0.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (0.6%) | > 0.99 |
| Hypertensionb | 247 (27.4%) | 20 (42.6%) | 227 (26.6%) | 0.027‖ |
| Diabetesb | 117 (13.0%) | 12 (25.5%) | 105 (12.3%) | 0.017‖ |
| Cardiovascular diseasec | 75 (8.3%) | 5 (10.6%) | 70 (8.2%) | 0.58 |
| Chronic liver diseasec | 26 (2.9%) | 3 (6.4%) | 23 (2.7%) | 0.15 |
| Cerebrovascular diseasec | 11 (1.2%) | 5 (10.6%) | 6 (0.7%) | < 0.001‖ |
| Chronic kidney diseasec | 19 (2.1%) | 2 (4.3%) | 17 (2.0%) | 0.26 |
| Tumorc | 15 (1.7%) | 1 (2.1%) | 14 (1.6%) | 0.56 |
| Tracheitisc | 9 (1.0%) | 2 (4.3%) | 7 (0.8%) | 0.048 |
| COPDc | 1 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | > 0.99 |
| coBurdend | < 0.001‖ | |||
| 1 | 203 (22.6%) | 13 (27.7%) | 190 (22.3%) | |
| 2 | 103 (11.5%) | 9 (19.1%) | 94 (11.0%) | |
| 3 | 34 (3.8%) | 5 (10.6%) | 29 (3.4%) | |
| 4 | 1 (0.1%) | 1 (2.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| 5 | 1 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.1%) | |
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
‖significant at α = 0.05
aMedian (IQR); Frequency (%)
bPearson's Chi-squared test
cFisher's exact test
dWilcoxon rank sum test