Table 2.
Operative features
| Author | Position | Percutaneous access | Ureteroscope | UAS | URS energy | PCNL energy | Puncture guidance | Nephrostomy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abouelgreed, 2022 | N/A | 18Fr Amplatz | 7.5F Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 10–12Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | Fluoroscopic | Yes, 18Fr |
| Chen, 2022 | GMSV | 17.5Fr or 22Fr | Flexible | N/A | Holmium laser | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Not always |
| Gao, 2015 | PSL | 18Fr | Flexible | N/A | Holmium laser | Ultrasonic | US + URS | Yes, 16Fr |
| Gokce, 2019 | N/A | 24Fr Amplatz | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 9.5–11.5Fr | Laser | Laser or pneumatic | Fluoroscopic | No |
| Goktug, 2023 | GMSV | 30Fr Amplatz | 7.5F flexible | 9.5–11.5Fr | Holmium laser | Pneumatic or ultrasonic | URS + fluoroscopic | Yes, 14Fr |
| Hamamoto, 2014 | PSL | 18Fr Karl Storz | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 12–14Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Yes, 18Fr |
| Hamamoto, 2014 | PSL | 18Fr Karl Storz | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 14Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Yes, 18Fr |
| Hamamoto, 2015 | PSL | 18Fr Karl Storz | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 12–14Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Yes, 18Fr |
| Hamamoto, 2017 | PSL | 18Fr Karl Storz | URF-V2, Olympus | 12–14Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + URS/fluoroscopy | Not always |
| Hamamoto, 2021 | PSL or GMSV | 17.5–19.5Fr Karl Storz | URF-V2: Olympus; URF-P6: Olympus; Flex X-2: Karl Storz | Variable sizes | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | No |
| Inoue, 2016 | GMSV | 18–19.5Fr Karl Storz | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 9.5–11.5Fr | Holmium laser | Pneumatic | US | Yes, 14–16Fr |
| Jung, 2018 | GMSV | 18Fr cook medical; 24Fr boston scientific | Flexible | N/A | Holmium laser | Pneumatic | Preoperative nephrostomy | N/A |
| Jung, 2022 | GMSV | 18Fr cook medical; 15–16Fr Karl Storz; 24/30Fr boston scientific | Flexible | 11–13Fr | N/A | N/A | US + fluoroscopic | N/A |
| Kallidonis, 2022 | PSL | 22Fr or 30Fr | Flex-XC, Karl Storz | 12–14Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | Fluoroscopic | Yes, 20–24r or 16–18Fr |
| Kuroda, 2015 | GMSV | 24Fr or 30Fr | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 11–13/13–15Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | URS/US + fluoroscopic | N/A |
| Leng, 2017 | Oblique supine | 16Fr | URF-P5, Olympus | N/A | Holmium laser | Holmium | US | Yes, 16Fr |
| Liu, 2022 | Modified PSL | 20Fr | 8–9.5F Wolf ureteroscope | 12–14Fr | Holmium laser | Pneumatic or Holmium laser | US + fluoroscopic | Yes, 18Fr |
| Manikandan, 2016 | GMSV | 16Fr Karl Storz | N/A | N/A | Pneumatic | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Not always, 12Fr |
| Mishra, 2022 | GMSV | 16Fr Karl Storz | 6–7.5F URS, Richard Wolf | N/A | N/A | Laser | US + fluoroscopic | No |
| Otsuka, 2022 | LD or GMSV | 26Fr | URF-P5, Olympus | N/A | N/A | Hol: YAG | US + URS | Not always |
| Ping, 2016 | GMSV | 24Fr | Olympus flexible ureteroscope | 14Fr | Holmium laser | Pneumatic or ultrasonic | US | Yes, Foley catheter |
| Schulster, 2019 | PSL | 18F3 or 30Fr Karl Storz | Flex-XC, Karl Storz | 11–13Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | URS + fluoroscopic | No |
| Scoffone, 2008 | GMSV | 24Fr or 30Fr | N/A | N/A | Laser | Pneumatic ultrasonic | US + fluoroscopy±URS | Yes |
| Sugino, 2018 | PSL | N/A | Flexible | 12–14Fr | N/A | N/A | US±URS | Not always |
| Tabei, 2016 | GMSV | 24Fr Karl Storz | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 11–13/13–15Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Not always, 14–22Fr |
| Taguchi, 2021 | PSL or GMSV | 16.5–17.5Fr or 21–22Fr Karl Storz | N/A | N/A | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US±URS | Not always |
| Tominaga, 2023 | VFF or PSL | 14–16Fr ClearPetra | URF-P7, Olympus | 9.5–11.5/10–12Fr | Hol: YAG | Hol: YAG | US + fluoroscopic | Yes, 14Fr |
| Unno, 2021 | PSL or GMSV | 16.5/19.5 Fr Karl Storz | N/A | N/A | Laser | Pneumatic | US + URS | Not always |
| Usui, 2020 | GMSV | 16.5Fr, 24Fr or 30Fr Karl Storz | Flexible | 11–13/13–15Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | ±14–20Fr |
| Wang, 2022 | Modified PSL | 22–24Fr | Flex X-2, Karl Storz | 12–14Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US | No |
| Wen, 2016 | GMSV | 20Fr Amplatz | URF-V2, Olympus | 12–14Fr | Hol: YAG | Hol: YAG | US | Yes, 16Fr |
| Yamashita, 2017 | PSL | 16.5–19.5Fr | URF-P5/URF-V; Olympus | 12–14/14–16Fr | Hol: YAG | Pneumatic | US + fluoroscopic | Yes, 16Fr |
| Zaho, 2019 | GMSV | 16–18Fr | 7.5F flexible | 12–14Fr | Holmium laser | Holmium laser | US + fluoroscopic | Yes |
URS=Ureteroscopy, US=Ultrasound, GMSV=Galdakao Modified Supine Valdivia, PCNL=Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, UAS=Ureteral access sheath, PSL=Prone split legs, LD=Lateral decubitus, N/A=Not reported