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. 2023 Nov 24;5:1301019. doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1301019

Table 3.

Calibration performance across six different Pixel 4 devices.

Pixel 4 device no. Pixel 4 #1 Pixel 4 #2 Pixel 4 #3 Pixel 4 #4 Pixel 4 #5 Pixel 4 #6 Mean STD
Correlation MAE Default automatic 0.19 0.2 0.21 0.18 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.03
Uncalibrated linear 0.18 0.11 0.11 0.099 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.03
Calibrated linear 0.079 0.036 0.061 0.05 0.06 0.034 0.05 0.02
R2 Default automatic 0.86 0.84 0.86 0.88 0.92 0.94 0.88 0.04
Uncalibrated linear 0.73 0.82 0.83 0.88 0.83 0.84 0.82 0.05
Calibrated linear 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.97 0.99 0.99 0.98 0.01
Bland-Altman Bias Default automatic 0.14 -0.14 0.18 0.094 0.13 0.037 0.07 0.12
Uncalibrated linear 0.049 0.029 0.075 0.0058 0.049 0.053 0.04 0.02
Calibrated linear 0.078 0.034 0.058 0.0095 0.06 0.029 0.04 0.02
LoA lower Default automatic 0.48 0.51 0.45 0.5 0.33 0.37 -0.44 0.07
Uncalibrated linear 0.61 0.37 0.33 0.31 0.34 0.38 0.39 0.11
Calibrated linear 0.2 0.11 0.14 0.15 0.14 0.097 0.14 0.04
LoA upper Default automatic 0.76 0.22 0.08 0.31 0.07 0.3 0.29 0.25
Uncalibrated linear 0.51 0.31 0.18 0.29 0.24 0.27 0.30 0.11
Calibrated linear 0.047 0.038 0.028 0.13 0.016 0.04 0.05 0.04

The table presents Mean Absolute Error (MAE), R2, Bias, Limits of Agreement (LoA Lower and LoA Upper) for each of the three tone mapping settings (Default Automatic, Uncalibrated Linear, and Calibrated Linear). These metrics are used to assess the calibration technique’s effectiveness in improving the accuracy of cPPG measurements across multiple devices of the same model. Mean and standard deviation (STD) values are also included.