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. 2023 Nov 23;24(23):16648. doi: 10.3390/ijms242316648

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Expression of immune mediators in WT and Ptx3^−/− KO OBs at different timepoints during osteogenic induction. (A) Gene expression analysis of selected factors (as indicated in the graphs) known to attract and regulate both immune cells and skeletal cells and their progenitors; mRNA levels were determined by qPCR and normalized on Gapdh expression, and they are indicated as arbitrary units (AU) (3 independent experiments performed in duplicate, n = 6, mean ± SEM). One-way ANOVA. (B) Protein expression of selected factors (as indicated in the graphs) in cell lysates of WT and Ptx3^−/− OBs. Protein levels were measured using a highly sensitive immunoassay and normalized on the total amount of proteins in the cell lysates (n ≥ 3, mean ± SEM). Two-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.