(A) Disruption of the S. lividans metF gene, as shown by hybridization with a 255-bp SalI probe internal to metF. Lanes: 1 and 5, undisrupted S. lividans 1326 (control); 2 and 6, S. lividans MD1 (met); 3 and 7, S. lividans MD2 (met); 4 and 8, S. lividans MD3 (met). Total DNA of each strain was digested with BglII (lanes 1 to 4) or PstI (lanes 5 to 8). (B) Disruption of metF by integration of pMETF200; tsr, thiostrepton resistance gene (used as a marker).