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. 2023 Nov 22;12(23):4214. doi: 10.3390/foods12234214

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (A), cytoplasmic and nuclear Nrf2 (B), total glutathione (GSH) (C), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) (D) in the livers of all groups of rats. Data are presented as means ± SD for n = 8 rats/group. (^{*, ***}): significantly differed with STD group at p < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively; (^{##, ###}): significantly differed with XH-treated group at p < 0.001; (^$$$): significantly differed with HFD group at p < 0.001; (^&&&): significantly differed with HFD + XH group at p < 0.001.