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. 2023 Nov 23;20(23):7104. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20237104

Table A3.

Multivariate generalized linear regression analysis of predictors of high molecular weight (HMWP) metabolites (ng/mL) (n = 953).

Predictors HMWP Metabolites
MEOHP MiNP MEHP
Adjusted Model Estimate (95% Cl)
Age (years)
<20 REF
20–34 0.21 (−1.80, 2.22) 0.08 (−0.03, 0.18) −0.05 (−1.04, 0.94)
≥35 −0.90 (−3.56, 1.75) 0.02 (−0.12, 0.15) −0.59 (−1.90, 0.72)
p-value 0.46 0.16 0.48
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White
Non-Hispanic Black/African American −0.42 (−2.18, 1.34) −0.07 (−0.16, 0.02) 0.67 (−0.19, 1.54)
Hispanic 1.31 (−0.31, 2.93) −0.01 (−0.10, 0.07) 0.88 (0.09, 1.68)
Asian 0.15 (−2.22, 2.52) −0.02 (−0.14, 0.10) 0.14 (−1.02, 1.31)
American Indian, Native Hawaiian other,
or more than 1 race
−1.81 (−4.52, −0.90) −0.03 (−0.17, 0.11) −0.42 (−1.75, 0.92)
p-value 0.22 0.63 0.15
Education level
Less than HS grad REF
HS grad or GED −1.40 (−3.80, 1.00) −0.06 (−0.18, 0.06) −0.29 (−1.47, 0.89)
Some college or Assoc/Tech degree 0.07 (−2.15, 2.28) 0.04 (−0.07, 0.15) 0.43 (−0.66, 1.53)
Completed college −1.15 (−3.57, 1.26) 0.06 (−0.06, 0.18) 0.32 (−0.87, 1.51)
Degree work beyond college −0.25 (−2.76, 2.27) 0.12 (0.0, 0.25) 0.82 (−0.42, 2.06)
p-value 0.32 0.03 0.31
Pre-pregnancy BMI
Normal 18.5–<25 REF
Underweight <18.5 0.01 (−2.45, 2.46) −0.02 (−0.15, 0.10) −0.21 (−1.42, 1.00)
Overweight 25–<30 0.15 (−1.14, 1.45) −0.01 (−0.08, 0.05) −0.22 (−0.86, 0.41)
Obese ≥30 1.28 (−0.15, 2.70) −0.01 (−0.08, 0.06) 0.28 (−0.42, 0.98)
p-value 0.35 0.97 0.64
Clinical site
Case Western Reserve University, OH REF
Columbia University, NY 2.72 (0.28, 5.16) 0.12 (0.0, 0.24) 1.47 (0.27, 2.67)
Indiana University, IN 1.19 (−1.47, 3.86) 0.03 (−0.11, 0.16) 0.68 (−0.63, 2.00)
Magee-Women’s Hospital, PA −0.38 (−2.89, 2.13) 0.12 (−0.01, 0.25) 0.25 (−0.99, 1.49)
Northwestern University, IL −0.01 (−2.67, 2.64) 0.14 (0.0, 0.27) 0.28 (−1.02, 1.59)
University of California Irvine, CA −0.96 (−3.87, 1.95) 0.01 (−0.14, 0.16) −0.39 (−1.82, 1.04)
University of Pennsylvania, PA 2.81 (−0.02, 5.64) 0.12 (−0.03, 0.26) 1.15 (−0.25, 2.54)
University of Utah, UT 1.65 (−0.81, 4.12) 0.22 (0.10, 0.35) 0.75 (−0.46, 1.97)
p-value 0.00 0.00 0.01