| DPP-4 | Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 |
| GLP1 | Glucagon-like peptide 1 |
| GIP | Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide |
| T2DM | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| PBMCs | Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| Ig | Immunoglobulin |
| APCs | Antigen-presenting cells |
| DCs | Dendritic cells |
| MoDCs | Human DCs differentiated from monocytes in vitro |
| ImMoDCs | Immature MoDCs |
| mMoDCs | Mature MoDCs |
| Treg | Regulatory T cell |
| Th1 | Type 1 T helper cell |
| Th2 | Type 2 T helper cell |
| Th17 | Type 17 T helper cell |
| CTLs | Cytotoxic T lymphocytes |
| NF-kB | Nuclear Factor kappa B |
| FoxP3 | Forkhead box Protein 3 |
| PHA | Phytohemagglutinin |
| TGF-β | Transforming Growth Factor-β |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| TNF-α | Tumor Necrosis Factor-α |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IFN-γ | Interferon-γ |
| ILT4 | Immunoglobulin-Like Transcript 4 |
| ILT3 | Immunoglobulin-Like Transcript 3 |
| IDO1 | Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 |
| MAPK | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase |
| CTLA-4 | Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4 |
| MLR | Mixed leukocyte reaction |
| GM-CSF | Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor |
| SDS | Sodium dodecyl sulfate |
| BCL6 | B-Cell Lymphoma 6 |
| ELISA | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| MACS | Magnetic-activated cell sorting |
| LADA | Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults |
| HLA-DR | Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR isotype |
| CD | Cluster of differentiation |
| NLRP3 | NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 |
| ICOS-L | Inducible Costimulator Ligand |
| ADA | Adenosine Deaminase |
| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | Programmed death-ligand 1 |
| RAR | Retinoic Acid Receptor |
| RORγt | RAR-related orphan receptor gamma |
| HUVECs | Human umbilical vein endothelial cells |
| FITC | Fluorescein isothiocyanate |
| APC | Allophycocyanin |
| PE | Phycoerythrin |
| 7-AAD | 7-Aminoactinomycin D |
| PerCP/Cy | Peridinin chlorophyll protein-Cyanine |
| PMA | Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate |
| FMO | Fluorescence minus one |
| FSC | Forward scatter |
| SSC | Side scatter |
| OD | Optical density |