Table 1.
Antimicrobial activity of P. densiflora Siebold & Zuccarini essential oils against Gram-negative and -positive bacteria and fungi.
| Microorganism | Strain | MIC | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
P. densiflora Siebold & Zuccarini Essential Oil (μL/mL) |
Ampicillin (μg/mL) |
Ketoconazole (μg/mL) |
||
| Gram-negative bacteria | Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 | 100 | 1.0 | NT * |
| Salmonella typhi ATCC 6539 | 500 | 0.5 | NT | |
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802 | 10 | 10 | NT | |
| Gram-positive bacteria | Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 | 10 | 0.1 | NT |
| Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124 | 100 | 0.5 | NT | |
| Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 12228 | 100 | 0.2 | NT | |
| Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 15313 | 10 | 0.5 | NT | |
| Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 | 500 | 0.2 | NT | |
| Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 11828 | 10 | 0.2 | NT | |
| Fungi | Malassezia furfur ATCC 14521 | 10 | NT | 0.1 |
* NT: Not tested; MIC: Minimum inhibition concentration; ATCC: American Type Culture Collection.