Figure 5.

Clonogenic survival assays of DAOY cells exposed to NDs and X-rays (refer to Table 1 for ND sample specifications). (A) NDs of 240 nm, (B) NDs of 55 nm, and (C) NDs of 18 nm. Mean survival relative to parental untreated cells and standard error of the mean are shown. All experiments were performed on at least 10 replicates. Two-Way ANOVA tests with the Greenhouse–Geisser correction and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests were performed. The p-values ≤ 0.05 (*) and ≤0.01 (**) were considered as statistically significant; p-values ≤ 0.001 (***) and ≤0.0001 (****) were considered as highly statistically significant.