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. 2023 Nov 29;12(23):4022. doi: 10.3390/plants12234022

Figure 3.

Figure 3

General biosynthetic pathway of pyrethrins depicting the cellular domains where the different reactions of the biosynthesis take place. DMAPP—dimethylallyl diphosphate; CDS—chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase; CPP—chrysanthemyl diphosphate; CH-OL—chrysanthemol; TcADH2—C. cinerariaefolium alcohol dehydrogenase 2; TcALDH1—C. cinerariaefolium aldehyde dehydrogenase 1; CA—crysanthemic acid; PA—pyrethric acid; TcCHH—chrysanthemol 10-hydroxylase; TcCCMT—10-carboxychrysanthemic acid 10-methyltransferase; TcLOX—T. cinerariaefolium lipoxygenase; TcAOS—allene oxidase synthase; TcAOC—allene oxide cyclase; TcOPR—cis (1)-12-oxo-phytodienenic acid reductase; JA—jasmonic acid; JAM—jasmone; TcJMH—jasmone hydroxylase; JAML—jasmolone; TcPYS—Pyrethrolone synthase; PYL—pyrethrolone; CINL—cinerolone.