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. 2023 Nov 21;15(23):4473. doi: 10.3390/polym15234473

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic representation of this study. (A) Serial process of plum seed-derived carboxymethylcellulose (PCMC). Cellulose was recovered from finely ground plum seeds, and its characteristics were analyzed through chemical analysis. Carboxymethyl cellulose was synthesized from plum seed-derived cellulose (PC) through an ethylation reaction process. Similar to the procedure for PC, the peaks of carboxymethyl cellulose were verified. (B) Schematic illustrating the components of the bioink. The bioink was prepared by dissolving PCMC and sodium alginate in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM). Before bioprinting, C2C12 was incorporated into the PCMC/Alg bioink.