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Toxic effects of malate on cell growth in the presence of mannitol and succinate. The strains tested are the R. etli wild-type strain CNPAF512 (A) and rpoN (B), ptsN (C), and ptsA (D) mutants. Cultures were grown in AMS medium containing alanine (20 mM) as a nitrogen source and mannitol (20 mM) (▪) or succinate (10 mM) (▴) alone or in combination with 20 mM malate (□, mannitol and malate; ▵, succinate and malate). OD595, OD at 595 nm.
