Figure 1.

(a) Patient CT data are edited in Mimics to create a 3D model that can be edited in Solidworks; (b) (i) spine with artificial disc replacement will be compared in simulation to both predict the potential for improvement and choose the best possible replacement option; (ii) bone graft substitute with implanted pressure sensor; (c) the sensorized artificial disc will be embedded into the computer numerical control (CNC)-fabricated spine model. A robotic arm will manipulate the spine model.