Fig. 10.

Production and localization of DPEAAE in hypertrophic obstructive and dilated cardiomyopathy patients (HOCM, DCM). (A) Representative confocal images of DPEAAE (red) from control left ventricle tissue (Control) and HOCM with (B) interstitial, (C) replacement and (D) perivascular fibrosis. (E-G) Representative confocal images of DPEAAE (red) from left ventricular tissue of DCM with (E) interstitial, (F) replacement and (G) perivascular fibrosis. (H) Quantification of DPEAAE protein level in HOCM (n = 10) and (I) DCM (n = 10) versus Control (n = 4) from the confocal images. Positively stained area for DPEAAE was normalized to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA, green) stain for cardiomyocyte sarcolemma and extracellular matrix. Values relative to the average of Control are reported. Data points in the bar graph (H, I) represent the average value from n = 8 images per sample. DAPI stain for the nuclei (blue). White arrows show positive staining for DPEAAE and yellow color shows colocalization at fibrotic regions. Scale bar = 15 μm. Bar graph with scatter plot shows mean ± SD. Student’s t-test (H, I) was used for statistical analysis. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. **P < 0.01 Control vs. HOCM or Control vs. DCM. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)