Figure 1.

SEM structure of attachment insecurity in dog owners

Significant (p < 0.05) standardized estimates are included and paths over 0.2 and under −0.2 are bolded. Positive paths are blue and negative paths orange. Covariances, variances, and intercepts are omitted for clarity. All associations can be found in Table S9. PAQ, Pet Attachment Questionnaire; ODA, owner-directed aggression; DDA, dog-directed aggression; SDA, stranger-directed aggression; CESD-10, Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale; SRB, separation-related behavior, and surfaces/heights = fear of surfaces/heights.