Table 4.
Stationarity test outcome.
Variables | Order of Integration | CADF Level First difference |
CIPS Level First difference |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LnLEX | (1) | −0.390 | −6.677*** | −2.107 | −7.422*** |
LnECD | (1) | −1.826 | −6.791*** | 0.441 | −6.134*** |
LnAIP | (1) | −2.537 | −7.873*** | 1.126 | −6.983*** |
LnHUC | (1) | 1.063 | −5.513*** | −0.467 | −9.701*** |
LnREC | (1) | 1.212 | −8.927*** | −0.827 | −9.863*** |
LnNRR | (1) | −0.690 | −10.241*** | −0.676 | −9.660*** |
Note: *** implies a 1 % significance level, LEX: Life expectancy, ECD: economic development, HUC: Human capital, AIP: Air Pollution, REC: Renewable Energy Consumption, NRR: Natural Resource.