Table 3.
Estimated effects of overcrowding on emergency department patients and comparison between facility types*
| Effect | Total | Private or community hospital | University or county hospital |
|---|---|---|---|
| Long patient waits | 40.0 ± 26.7 | 36.9 ± 27.4 | 46.3 ± 25.1 |
| Delayed diagnosis and treatment | 27.1 ± 23.9 | 25.3 ± 24.8 | 31.0 ± 22.7 |
| Extended pain and suffering | 17.1 ± 15.9 | 14.7 ± 14.4 | 21.9 ± 18.2 |
| Risk for poor outcomes | 11.1 ± 13.1 | 11.9 ± 14.9 | 9.5 ± 8.7 |
| Actual poor outcomes | 1.9 ± 2.2 | 1.7 ± 2.2 | 2.6 ± 2.3 |
*
Data are given as mean ± SD percentage.