Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics.

	Intervention Group (n = 26)	Control Group (n = 24)	P-Value
Gender (male:female)b	11:15	13:11	0.402
Diagnosis			0.423
Biliary atresia	18	14
Alagille's syndromea	4	6
PFIC type IIIa	3	0
Caroli's diseasea	0	1
Choledocal cysta	1	3
Age (month)	23 ± 31	17 ± 14	0.992
Body weight (kg)d	8.2 ± 4.3	7.3 ± 1.7	0.954
Height (cm)d	73 ± 16	70 ± 7.5	0.838
MAC (cm)d	11.44 ± 1.42	10.67 ± 1.33	0.137
Nutritional status			0.874
Severely malnourish	20	18
Undernourished	6	6
RDA (%)	104 ± 31	92 ± 24	0.147
PELD scorec	18 ± 4	17 ± 4	0.456
Hb (g/dL)c	9.3 ± 1.2	8.9 ± 1.5	0.260
Platelet ( × 103/μL)c	188,231 ± 79,257	236,708 ± 107,036	0.074
Leukocyte ( × 103/μL)d	10880 ± 5279	11627 ± 5838	0.281
Basophil (%)d	0.6 ± 0.3	0.5 ± 0.3	0.449
Eosinophild	2.5 ± 2.1	1.6 ± 0.9	0.109
Neutrophil (%)c	47.5 ± 14.5	51.6 ± 11.9	0.290
Lymphocyte (%)c	41.6 ± 15.2	38.8 ± 12.1	0.474
Monocytec	7.75 ± 2.17	7.51 ± 2.28	0.708
ANCd	5151.05 ± 3161.80	6471.26 ± 3547.57	0.140
Prothrombin time (second)c	12.8 ± 1.5	13.0 ± 1.7	0.655
INRd	1.23 ± 0.17	1.25 ± 0.17	0.409
AST (U/L)d	249 ± 143	206 ± 180	0.057
ALT (U/L)d	139 ± 92	120 ± 126	0.087
Albumin (g/dL)c	2.93 ± 0.46	3.00 ± 0.37	0.545
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)d	19.73 ± 7.00	20.64 ± 8.20	0.641
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)d	15.32 ± 5.79	15.86 ± 6.48	0.698
Indirect bilirubin (mg/dL)c	4.71 ± 1.99	4.78 ± 2.01	0.901
GGT (U/L)d	317.92 ± 309.42	336.63 ± 399.78	0.977
TNF-αd	1.47 ± 0.20	1.47 ± 0.19	0.938
IL-10d	0.49 ± 0.13	0.48 ± 0.11	0.801
HGFd	0.41 ± 0.08	0.41 ± 0.10	0.627

PFIC = progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis; MAC = mid-arm circumference; RDA = recommended dietary allowance; PELD = pediatric end-stage liver disease; Hb = hemoglobin; ANC = absolute neutrophil count; INR = international normalized ratio; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; GGT = Gamma-glutamyl transferase, TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α, ΙL-10 = interleukin-10, HGF = hepatocyte growth factor.

^acategorical data calculated as oen group.

^bn.

^cnormally distributed data.

^dSkewed data