Table 2.
National trend of the weighted crude prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, control among treated before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, 1998–2021.
| Weighted % (95% CI) | Pre-pandemic | During the pandemic | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 to 2005 | 2007 to 2009 | 2010 to 2012 | 2013 to 2015 | 2016 to 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | ||
| Overall | Hypertension | 25.51 (24.27 to 26.75) | 25.10 (24.12 to 26.08) | 27.04 (26.04 to 28.03) | 24.39 (23.49 to 25.30) | 27.81 (26.97 to 28.66) | 29.00 (27.13 to 30.87) | 28.07 (26.16 to 29.98) |
| Awareness | 43.41 (41.17 to 45.65) | 58.85 (56.82 to 60.88) | 57.98 (56.08 to 59.88) | 62.18 (60.29 to 64.07) | 68.08 (66.66 to 69.50) | 69.50 (67.05 to 71.94) | 74.08 (71.34 to 76.81) | |
| Treatment | 38.69 (36.55 to 40.83) | 52.61 (50.51 to 54.72) | 54.15 (52.28 to 56.03) | 59.42 (57.53 to 61.31) | 64.92 (63.44 to 66.40) | 65.78 (63.13 to 68.43) | 71.19 (68.38 to 74.01) | |
| Control | 17.81 (16.08 to 19.54) | 33.24 (31.17 to 35.32) | 34.57 (32.84 to 36.29) | 42.56 (40.73 to 44.38) | 47.21 (45.65 to 48.76) | 47.43 (44.70 to 50.16) | 56.00 (53.09 to 58.91) | |
| Control among treated | 46.04 (42.70 to 49.37) | 63.18 (60.61 to 65.76) | 63.83 (61.67 to 66.00) | 71.62 (69.64 to 73.59) | 72.72 (71.18 to 74.25) | 72.10 (69.33 to 74.87) | 78.65 (76.16 to 81.15) | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men | Hypertension | 29.99 (28.31 to 31.66) | 27.88 (26.53 to 29.22) | 30.23 (28.85 to 31.62) | 26.91 (25.64 to 28.18) | 30.54 (29.48 to 31.61) | 33.07 (30.86 to 35.28) | 30.06 (27.75 to 32.38) |
| Awareness | 34.82 (32.03 to 37.61) | 49.99 (47.43 to 52.55) | 47.43 (44.96 to 49.90) | 54.25 (51.60 to 56.91) | 62.67 (60.69 to 64.64) | 64.72 (61.01 to 68.43) | 70.31 (66.42 to 74.21) | |
| Treatment | 29.23 (26.62 to 31.85) | 42.62 (40.08 to 45.17) | 43.07 (40.67 to 45.47) | 50.58 (47.93 to 53.23) | 58.80 (56.74 to 60.86) | 60.12 (56.32 to 63.91) | 66.34 (62.39 to 70.29) | |
| Control | 12.71 (10.69 to 14.72) | 26.25 (23.89 to 28.60) | 28.26 (26.22 to 30.31) | 36.29 (33.94 to 38.65) | 44.44 (42.39 to 46.50) | 44.46 (40.70 to 48.22) | 52.76 (48.59 to 56.93) | |
| Control among treated | 43.47 (38.08 to 48.85) | 61.58 (57.78 to 65.38) | 65.62 (62.67 to 68.56) | 71.75 (68.89 to 74.62) | 75.59 (73.51 to 77.67) | 73.96 (70.03 to 77.89) | 79.53 (75.80 to 83.26) | |
| Women | Hypertension | 21.94 (20.51 to 23.38) | 22.38 (21.29 to 23.47) | 23.93 (22.77 to 25.09) | 21.94 (20.87 to 23.00) | 25.12 (24.08 to 26.16) | 24.98 (22.80 to 27.15) | 26.09 (23.85 to 28.33) |
| Awareness | 52.76 (49.89 to 55.62) | 69.67 (67.35 to 71.98) | 70.94 (68.71 to 73.17) | 71.67 (69.53 to 73.80) | 74.59 (72.88 to 76.29) | 75.76 (72.63 to 78.88) | 78.41 (75.00 to 81.81) | |
| Treatment | 48.97 (46.09 to 51.86) | 64.80 (62.35 to 67.26) | 67.76 (65.50 to 70.02) | 70.00 (67.89 to 72.11) | 72.28 (70.55 to 74.01) | 73.20 (69.95 to 76.45) | 76.79 (73.11 to 80.46) | |
| Control | 23.36 (20.81 to 25.91) | 41.78 (39.22 to 44.35) | 42.31 (39.87 to 44.75) | 50.05 (47.70 to 52.41) | 50.53 (48.64 to 52.41) | 51.31 (47.38 to 55.24) | 59.72 (55.60 to 63.84) | |
| Control among treated | 47.71 (43.55 to 51.86) | 64.47 (61.73 to 67.21) | 62.44 (59.65 to 65.22) | 71.50 (69.03 to 73.98) | 69.90 (67.96 to 71.84) | 70.10 (66.14 to 74.06) | 77.77 (74.18 to 81.37) | |
| Region of residence | ||||||||
| Urban | Hypertension | 23.60 (22.30 to 24.91) | 23.84 (22.74 to 24.95) | 25.44 (24.39 to 26.49) | 23.34 (22.35 to 24.32) | 26.44 (25.57 to 27.30) | 28.11 (26.12 to 30.11) | 25.39 (23.58 to 27.21) |
| Awareness | 41.92 (39.30 to 44.54) | 56.99 (54.55 to 59.44) | 56.68 (54.43 to 58.93) | 61.97 (59.81 to 64.14) | 66.36 (64.78 to 67.94) | 68.90 (66.14 to 71.66) | 73.20 (69.88 to 76.52) | |
| Treatment | 36.96 (34.53 to 39.39) | 50.56 (48.00 to 53.11) | 52.16 (49.95 to 54.37) | 58.98 (56.80 to 61.15) | 62.99 (61.34 to 64.64) | 64.97 (61.95 to 67.98) | 70.51 (67.06 to 73.96) | |
| Control | 17.01 (15.09 to 18.92) | 32.21 (29.69 to 34.73) | 33.18 (31.26 to 35.09) | 42.37 (40.31 to 44.43) | 45.69 (44.03 to 47.35) | 46.95 (43.84 to 50.06) | 55.87 (52.48 to 59.25) | |
| Control among treated | 46.02 (42.12 to 49.91) | 63.72 (60.50 to 66.93) | 63.60 (61.04 to 66.17) | 71.85 (69.61 to 74.09) | 72.53 (70.80 to 74.27) | 72.27 (69.09 to 75.45) | 79.23 (76.47 to 81.99) | |
| Rural | Hypertension | 32.27 (29.44 to 35.09) | 30.37 (27.88 to 32.86) | 33.43 (30.97 to 35.90) | 29.30 (26.79 to 31.82) | 35.38 (32.60 to 38.16) | 33.81 (28.67 to 38.95) | 41.97 (37.11 to 46.83) |
| Awareness | 47.27 (43.06 to 51.49) | 64.97 (61.96 to 67.97) | 61.96 (58.39 to 65.53) | 62.93 (59.06 to 66.81) | 75.14 (72.19 to 78.09) | 72.19 (67.25 to 77.13) | 76.82 (72.42 to 81.22) | |
| Treatment | 43.16 (38.84 to 47.48) | 59.39 (56.28 to 62.49) | 60.23 (56.69 to 63.77) | 61.07 (57.06 to 65.08) | 72.83 (69.71 to 75.94) | 69.45 (64.45 to 74.44) | 73.35 (68.95 to 77.76) | |
| Control | 19.89 (16.18 to 23.60) | 36.64 (33.40 to 39.88) | 38.81 (34.94 to 42.67) | 43.23 (39.15 to 47.31) | 53.43 (49.66 to 57.20) | 49.56 (44.12 to 55.01) | 56.41 (50.63 to 62.18) | |
| Control among treated | 46.08 (39.74 to 52.43) | 61.69 (57.83 to 65.55) | 64.43 (60.29 to 68.58) | 70.79 (66.61 to 74.97) | 73.37 (70.12 to 76.61) | 71.37 (65.92 to 76.82) | 76.90 (71.38 to 82.41) | |
| Age group | ||||||||
| 19 to 59 | Hypertension | 17.72 (16.64 to 18.80) | 17.93 (17.00 to 18.86) | 18.82 (17.91 to 19.74) | 16.14 (15.29 to 16.99) | 17.96 (17.22 to 18.71) | 18.83 (17.30 to 20.36) | 16.69 (15.13 to 18.26) |
| Awareness | 33.01 (30.40 to 35.62) | 45.63 (42.97 to 48.29) | 41.89 (39.22 to 44.56) | 44.93 (42.20 to 47.66) | 50.95 (48.77 to 53.12) | 52.61 (48.65 to 56.56) | 60.07 (55.27 to 64.87) | |
| Treatment | 27.25 (24.78 to 29.73) | 37.91 (35.33 to 40.49) | 36.52 (33.96 to 39.08) | 41.20 (38.52 to 43.89) | 46.64 (44.44 to 48.84) | 46.77 (42.67 to 50.88) | 56.45 (51.63 to 61.26) | |
| Control | 13.81 (11.85 to 15.77) | 23.56 (21.18 to 25.93) | 22.61 (20.57 to 24.65) | 29.10 (26.66 to 31.53) | 34.34 (32.23 to 36.46) | 34.07 (30.17 to 37.98) | 47.60 (42.64 to 52.55) | |
| Control among treated | 50.68 (45.60 to 55.75) | 62.14 (58.13 to 66.16) | 61.92 (58.01 to 65.83) | 70.62 (67.07 to 74.18) | 73.63 (70.90 to 76.37) | 72.85 (67.73 to 77.97) | 84.32 (79.51 to 89.14) | |
| ≥ 60 | Hypertension | 56.46 (54.17 to 58.75) | 55.84 (54.05 to 57.64) | 59.15 (57.58 to 60.72) | 53.56 (51.85 to 55.27) | 57.68 (56.40 to 58.96) | 55.91 (53.22 to 58.59) | 56.15 (53.64 to 58.66) |
| Awareness | 56.37 (53.30 to 59.45) | 77.05 (75.04 to 79.06) | 78.01 (76.05 to 79.97) | 80.54 (78.88 to 82.21) | 84.25 (83.03 to 85.48) | 84.55 (82.27 to 86.83) | 84.34 (81.91 to 86.78) | |
| Treatment | 52.95 (49.84 to 56.05) | 72.85 (70.77 to 74.94) | 76.10 (74.13 to 78.07) | 78.82 (77.11 to 80.53) | 82.17 (80.87 to 83.47) | 82.72 (80.29 to 85.15) | 82.01 (79.57 to 84.45) | |
| Control | 22.80 (20.07 to 25.53) | 46.58 (43.81 to 49.35) | 49.45 (47.04 to 51.85) | 56.89 (54.69 to 59.08) | 59.35 (57.55 to 61.14) | 59.33 (55.77 to 62.88) | 62.16 (58.81 to 65.50) | |
| Control among treated | 43.06 (38.99 to 47.13) | 63.93 (61.04 to 66.82) | 64.97 (62.46 to 67.49) | 72.17 (69.93 to 74.42) | 72.22 (70.45 to 74.00) | 71.72 (68.38 to 75.06) | 75.79 (72.79 to 78.79) | |
| Educational background | ||||||||
| High school or lower | Hypertension | 30.70 (29.21 to 32.20) | 29.34 (28.19 to 30.49) | 31.99 (30.81 to 33.16) | 28.98 (27.86 to 30.10) | 34.66 (33.58 to 35.73) | 35.37 (33.11 to 37.62) | 35.92 (33.64 to 38.20) |
| Awareness | 46.77 (44.37 to 49.16) | 61.74 (59.68 to 63.80) | 62.29 (60.35 to 64.23) | 66.00 (64.05 to 67.95) | 73.27 (71.80 to 74.73) | 74.39 (71.52 to 77.27) | 78.27 (75.63 to 80.90) | |
| Treatment | 41.83 (39.50 to 44.15) | 55.53 (53.43 to 57.63) | 59.08 (57.14 to 61.02) | 63.60 (61.63 to 65.57) | 70.31 (68.79 to 71.82) | 71.67 (68.87 to 74.46) | 75.48 (72.75 to 78.21) | |
| Control | 19.26 (17.37 to 21.15) | 35.05 (32.91 to 37.18) | 38.13 (36.20 to 40.05) | 45.61 (43.60 to 47.62) | 50.60 (48.94 to 52.26) | 51.94 (48.76 to 55.11) | 58.47 (55.54 to 61.39) | |
| Control among treated | 46.06 (42.65 to 49.46) | 63.12 (60.44 to 65.79) | 64.54 (62.29 to 66.78) | 71.71 (69.57 to 73.85) | 71.97 (70.34 to 73.59) | 72.47 (69.25 to 75.69) | 77.46 (74.82 to 80.09) | |
| College or higher | Hypertension | 13.95 (12.61 to 15.28) | 14.82 (13.37 to 16.26) | 15.98 (14.71 to 17.26) | 14.75 (13.53 to 15.96) | 17.43 (16.50 to 18.37) | 19.15 (17.11 to 21.20) | 16.83 (14.85 to 18.82) |
| Awareness | 26.95 (22.41 to 31.49) | 44.97 (40.36 to 49.59) | 38.76 (34.83 to 42.68) | 46.38 (41.94 to 50.83) | 52.43 (49.59 to 55.27) | 55.51 (50.37 to 60.65) | 61.26 (55.26 to 67.25) | |
| Treatment | 23.30 (19.19 to 27.40) | 38.60 (33.74 to 43.46) | 32.14 (28.43 to 35.85) | 42.15 (37.94 to 46.36) | 48.67 (45.72 to 51.61) | 48.96 (43.45 to 54.48) | 58.09 (51.85 to 64.34) | |
| Control | 10.69 (7.46 to 13.91) | 24.57 (19.97 to 29.18) | 18.66 (15.92 to 21.40) | 29.95 (26.20 to 33.70) | 36.98 (34.12 to 39.83) | 34.54 (29.56 to 39.53) | 48.44 (42.03 to 54.86) | |
| Control among treated | 45.87 (35.53 to 56.21) | 63.66 (56.34 to 70.99) | 58.06 (51.62 to 64.49) | 71.05 (65.77 to 76.33) | 75.98 (72.68 to 79.27) | 70.55 (63.82 to 77.28) | 83.39 (77.31 to 89.47) | |
| Income | ||||||||
| Lowest or second quartile | Hypertension | 31.14 (29.34 to 32.94) | 31.86 (30.44 to 33.28) | 33.04 (31.54 to 34.54) | 31.48 (30.03 to 32.92) | 36.34 (35.06 to 37.62) | 37.97 (35.06 to 40.88) | 38.15 (35.28 to 41.02) |
| Awareness | 47.49 (44.75 to 50.24) | 63.27 (60.83 to 65.72) | 64.27 (61.91 to 66.63) | 69.01 (66.73 to 71.30) | 75.17 (73.47 to 76.87) | 76.79 (73.60 to 79.98) | 80.24 (77.26 to 83.21) | |
| Treatment | 43.05 (40.28 to 45.83) | 57.45 (54.96 to 59.95) | 61.00 (58.59 to 63.41) | 66.86 (64.57 to 69.16) | 71.84 (70.01 to 73.67) | 74.23 (70.96 to 77.50) | 77.32 (74.18 to 80.45) | |
| Control | 19.21 (16.84 to 21.58) | 35.61 (33.19 to 38.03) | 39.07 (36.68 to 41.45) | 47.51 (45.15 to 49.86) | 51.40 (49.44 to 53.36) | 52.03 (48.39 to 55.67) | 59.13 (55.41 to 62.86) | |
| Control among treated | 44.62 (40.49 to 48.74) | 61.99 (59.03 to 64.95) | 64.04 (61.46 to 66.63) | 71.05 (68.56 to 73.53) | 71.55 (69.64 to 73.46) | 70.09 (66.22 to 73.97) | 76.48 (73.00 to 79.97) | |
| Third or highest quartile | Hypertension | 20.29 (19.03 to 21.55) | 20.18 (19.03 to 21.34) | 22.33 (21.22 to 23.44) | 19.57 (18.55 to 20.59) | 22.05 (21.17 to 22.93) | 23.68 (21.79 to 25.57) | 22.20 (20.48 to 23.92) |
| Awareness | 38.72 (35.45 to 41.99) | 53.05 (50.14 to 55.96) | 51.02 (48.28 to 53.76) | 54.62 (51.93 to 57.31) | 60.30 (58.26 to 62.33) | 62.85 (59.40 to 66.30) | 67.74 (63.46 to 72.03) | |
| Treatment | 33.41 (30.43 to 36.40) | 46.24 (43.16 to 49.33) | 46.50 (43.79 to 49.20) | 51.36 (48.69 to 54.03) | 57.30 (55.21 to 59.39) | 58.01 (54.31 to 61.70) | 64.91 (60.55 to 69.27) | |
| Control | 16.36 (13.96 to 18.76) | 29.68 (26.73 to 32.62) | 29.56 (27.28 to 31.83) | 37.22 (34.80 to 39.65) | 42.64 (40.54 to 44.74) | 43.20 (39.53 to 46.87) | 52.69 (48.00 to 57.39) | |
| Control among treated | 48.97 (43.81 to 54.13) | 64.18 (60.16 to 68.19) | 63.56 (59.92 to 67.21) | 72.48 (69.47 to 75.49) | 74.41 (72.11 to 76.72) | 74.48 (70.32 to 78.63) | 81.17 (77.32 to 85.03) | |
CI confidence interval.