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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2023;10(2):193–206. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2023.8

Table 5.

Adjusted hazard ratio of AD and ADRD after excluding dementia cases that occurred within 1 or 5 years, by history of vascular diseases

Characteristics Adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)* of AD and ADRD** by excluding dementia cases that occurred <1 year or <5 years after the baseline
Cases <1 year of baseline were excluded Cases <5 years of baseline were excluded All cases included after baseline
AD ADRD AD ADRD AD ADRD
Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
 CVD (Yes vs. No) 1.11(1.07-1.15) 1.22(1.19-1.24) 1.08(1.03-1.14) 1.18(1.15-1.21) 1.09(1.06-1.14) 1.17(1.15-1.20)
 Myocardial infarction (Yes vs. No) 1.12(1.07-1.17) 1.15(1.12-1.18) 1.12(1.06-1.18) 1.14(1.11-1.18) 1.11(1.06-1.16) 1.13(1.10-1.16)
 Congestive heart failure (Yes vs. No) 1.08(1.01-1.15) 1.27(1.23-1.31) 1.02(0.94-1.11) 1.20(1.15-1.25) 1.06(1.00-1.12) 1.19(1.15-1.23)
 Peripheral vascular disease (Yes vs. No) 0.97(0.84-1.11) 1.25(1.16-1.34) 0.95(0.79-1.14) 1.18(1.08-1.29) 0.96(0.85-1.09) 1.16(1.08-1.24)
Stroke
 Yes vs. No 1.45(1.40-1.50) 1.51(1.49-1.54) 1.33(1.27-1.38) 1.42(1.39-1.45) 1.50(1.46-1.55) 1.59(1.56-1.61)
Hypertension
 Yes vs. No 1.04(1.02-1.07) 1.19(1.17-1.20) 1.06(1.03-1.09) 1.21(1.19-1.23) 1.04(1.02-1.07) 1.13(1.11-1.14)
Diabetes
 Yes vs. No 1.18(1.15-1.21) 1.34(1.32-1.36) 1.17(1.13-1.21) 1.34(1.32-1.36) 1.17(1.14-1.20) 1.25(1.23-1.27)
Age (years)
 65-69 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
 70-74 1.87(1.81-1.94) 1.60(1.57-1.63) 1.81(1.74-1.87) 1.56(1.53-1.59) 1.89(1.83-1.96) 1.61(1.58-1.64)
 75-79 3.20(3.09-3.31) 2.57(2.52-2.62) 2.96(2.85-3.07) 2.46(2.41-2.51) 3.26(3.16-3.37) 2.52(2.47-2.56)
 80-84 4.86(4.68-5.05) 4.05(3.96-4.14) 4.17(3.98-4.37) 3.75(3.66-3.85) 5.02(4.84-5.21) 3.77(3.69-3.85)
 85 or older 6.49(6.18-6.83) 6.23(6.06-6.40) 4.82(4.50-5.17) 4.96(4.79-5.14) 6.98(6.67-7.31) 5.67(5.53-5.81)
Race/ethnicity
 NH-Whites 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref) 1.00 (ref)
 NH-Blacks 1.24(1.19-1.29) 1.23(1.21-1.26) 1.19(1.14-1.25) 1.18(1.15-1.21) 1.26(1.22-1.31) 1.25(1.22-1.27)
 NH-Asians/P. Islanders 0.80(0.75-0.86) 0.80(0.77-0.83) 0.81(0.75-0.88) 0.83(0.79-0.86) 0.80(0.75-0.85) 0.80(0.77-0.83)
 Hispanics 1.06(1.01-1.11) 1.03(1.00-1.06) 1.03(0.98-1.10) 1.04(1.01-1.07) 1.07(1.02-1.12) 1.03(1.00-1.06)
 Others 0.83(0.74-0.92) 0.81(0.76-0.86) 0.79(0.70-0.89) 0.80(0.75-0.85) 0.82(0.74-0.91) 0.85(0.80-0.90)
 Unknown/missing 0.95(0.89-1.01) 0.92(0.88-0.95) 0.96(0.89-1.04) 0.95(0.91-0.99) 0.94(0.89-1.00) 0.92(0.89-0.96)
Chemotherapy
 Yes vs. No 1.15(1.09-1.22) 1.25(1.21-1.29) 1.09(1.01-1.17) 1.22(1.18-1.27) 1.14(1.08-1.21) 1.16(1.13-1.20)
Radiotherapy
 Yes vs. No 0.87(0.85-0.90) 0.89(0.87-0.90) 0.94(0.92-0.97) 0.95(0.93-0.96) 0.85(0.83-0.87) 0.87(0.86-0.88)
Androgen deprivation therapy
 Yes vs. No 0.98(0.92-1.03) 0.90(0.88-0.93) 0.99(0.92-1.07) 0.89(0.85-0.92) 0.99(0.94-1.05) 0.98(0.95-1.01)
*

Hazard ratios were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, marital status, tumor stage, tumor grade, comorbidity score, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, year of diagnosis, and SEER areas;

**

see Methods section or footnote in Table-1 for the description of abbreviations.