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. 2023 Dec 8;21:891. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04524-6

Table 4.

The results of the biopanning step for selecting CD19-specific VHH-displaying phages

Selection round Input Output Output/input ratio Enrichment ratio
1st 1.8 × 1012 1.3 × 107 7 × 10–6 1
2nd 1.6 × 1012 1.8 × 107 1.12 × 10–5 1.6
3rd 1.7 × 1012 6 × 107 3.5 × 10–5 5
4th 2.6 × 1012 2 × 108 7 × 10–5 10
5th 2.9 × 1012 4 × 108 1.37 × 10–4 19.5