Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics of Septic Shock Cases and Controls

Measures	Controls n (%)	Septic Shock Cases n (%)	p Value†
	N = 52	N = 46
Demographics
Age- years ‡	5.5 ± 4.9	9.0 ± 5.6	0.001*
Male §	31 (59.6%)	22 (47.8%)	0.31
Race §	34 (65.4%)	30 (65.2%)	0.18
White	34 (65.4%)	30 (65.2%)	0.18
Black	15 (28.8%)	9 (19.6%)
Asian	0 (0.0%)	4 (8.7%)
American Indian	0 (0.0%)	1 (2.2%)
Mixed	1 (1.9%)	1 (2.2%)
Declined or Unknown	2 (3.8%)	1 (2.2%)
Clinical characteristics
PRISM Score ‡	9.1 ± 7.8	13.6 ± 8.5	0.005*
Average Blood Glucose ‡	122.9 ± 30.7	132.0 ± 34.8	0.13
Steroid Use §	36 (69.2%)	37 (80.4%)	0.20
Primary reason for admission to intensive care unit §			< 0.001*
Cardiovascular (including shock)	1 ( 1.9%)	11 (23.9%)
Respiratory	26 (50.0%)	27 (58.7%)
Following elective procedure	7 (13.5%)	2 ( 4.3%)
Following Emergent Procedure	1 ( 1.9%)	2 ( 4.3%)
Gastrointestinal or Liver	0 ( 0.0%)	3 ( 6.5%)
Metabolic	1 ( 1.9%)	0 ( 0.0%)
Neurologic	8 (15.4%)	1 ( 2.2%)
Oncologic	1 ( 1.9%)	0 ( 0.0%)
Trauma	7 (13.5%)	0 ( 0.0%)
Reason for initiating mechanical ventilation §			< 0.001*
Acute respiratory failure related to sepsis	0 ( 0.0%)	23 (50.0%)
Aspiration pneumonia	1 ( 1.9%)	1 ( 2.2%)
Asthma or reactive airway disease	8 (15.4%)	3 ( 6.5%)
Bronchiolitis	8 (15.4%)	2 ( 4.3%)
Laryngotracheobronchitis	2 ( 3.8%)	0 ( 0.0%)
Neurologic	11 (21.2%)	2 ( 4.3%)
Pneumonia/hypoxia	0 ( 0.0%)	11 (23.9%)
Procedural	17 (32.7%)	4 ( 8.7%)
Pulmonary Edema	2 ( 3.8%)	0 ( 0.0%)
Thoracic Trauma	3 ( 5.8%)	0 ( 0.0%)
Clinical trial allocation (two groups) §
Group 1 (lower target blood glucose 80–110 mg/dL)	23 (44.2%)	18 (39.1%)	0.61
Group 2 (higher target blood glucose 150–180 mg/dL)	29 (55.8%)	28 (69.1%)	0.61

^*Significant p values with FDR < 10% are noted with an asterisk

^†P value was computed using chi-square test for categorical variables, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables

^‡ Data presented as mean ± standard deviation

^§ Data presented as n (percentage)