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. 2000 Aug;173(2):101–107. doi: 10.1136/ewjm.173.2.101

Table 1.

Rate ratios of potential risk factors for self-reported duodenal ulcers, Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research, Dallas, Texas,1970-1990

Men (n = 8,529) Women (n = 2,884)
Risk factor Cases, No. Subjects, No. RR (95% CI) Cases, No. Subjects, No. RR (95% CI)
Physical activity
Active 6 2,059 0.23 (0.10-0.55) 3 563 0.82 (0.21-3.28)
Moderately active 20 3,686 0.43 (0.25-0.75) 4 1,395 0.44 (0.13-1.56)
Referent 35 2,784 1.00 6 926 100


Trend test: χ2 = 16.71, P = 0.001

Trend test: χ2 = 0.29, P = 0.59
Psychologicaltension*
High 22 1,905 2.28 (1.32-3.92) 2 635 0.74 (0.16-3.42)
Low 31 6,112 1.00 9 2,116 1.00
Smoking
Yes 52 3,362 1.70 (1.03-2.08) 4 1,043 0.78 (0.24-2.54)
No 29 5,167 1.00 9 1,841 1.00
Ethanol consumption
Heavy 12 2,059 0.82 (0.40-1.70) 1 325 0.67 (0.08-5.75)
Moderate 8 1,507 0.75 (0.33-1.72) 1 369 0.59 (0.07-5.04)
Light 23 2,421 1.34 (0.73-2.48) 6 1,098 1.19 (0.37-3.90)
None 18 2,542 1.00 5 1,092 1.00


Trend test: χ2 = 0.81, P = 0.37

Trend test: χ2 = 0.04, P = 0.85
Age
>60 5 537 1.30 (0.49-3.41) 1 179 1.31 (0.15-11.13)
40.1 to 60 34 4,927 0.96 (0.56-1.64) 7 1,535 1.07 (0.34-3.35)
20 to 40 22 3,065 1.00 5 1,170 1.00


Trend test: χ2 = 0.06, P = 0.81

Trend test: χ2 = 0.05, P = 0.82
Body mass index
Higher 25% 12 1,923 0.89 (0.46-1.71) 1 618 0.38 (0.05-3.09)
Reference 33 4,684 1.00 7 1,650 1.00
Lower 25% 16 1,922 1.18 (0.65-2.14) 5 616 1.91 (0.61-6.01)
RR = risk ratio; CI = confidence interval
*

The number of subjects in this category differs because only a subset of respondents was asked about psychological tension.