TABLE 2.
Baseline characteristics of non-deaths and deaths among cancer patients during the follow-up period in United Kingdom Biobank (n = 23,956).
| Demographics | All cancers | Non-deaths | Total deaths | |||
| N (%) | 23,956 | 100.00% | 20,269 | 84.61% | 3,687 | 15.39% |
| Sex (n (%)) | ||||||
| Female | 13,519 | 56.43% | 11,835 | 58.39% | 1,684 | 45.67% |
| Male | 10,437 | 43.57% | 8,434 | 41.61% | 2,003 | 54.33% |
| Age (mean (SD)) | 53.55 | 9.32 | 53.17 | 9.3 | 55.64 | 9.2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) (mean (SD)) | 27.16 | 4.61 | 27.06 | 4.53 | 27.73 | 4.97 |
| Socioeconomic status (mean (SD)) | −1.66 | 2.89 | −1.75 | 2.84 | −1.20 | 3.16 |
| Mental health issues (n (%)) | ||||||
| No | 21,209 | 88.53% | 17,996 | 88.79% | 3,213 | 87.14% |
| Yes | 2,747 | 11.47% | 2,273 | 11.21% | 474 | 12.86% |
| Smoking status (n (%)) | ||||||
| Never | 12,364 | 51.61% | 10,854 | 53.55% | 1,510 | 40.95% |
| Previous | 9,561 | 39.91% | 7,893 | 38.94% | 1,668 | 45.24% |
| Current | 2,031 | 8.48% | 1,522 | 7.51% | 509 | 13.81% |
| Alcohol drinker status (n (%)) | ||||||
| Never | 870 | 3.63% | 716 | 3.53% | 154 | 4.18% |
| Previous | 914 | 3.82% | 687 | 3.39% | 227 | 6.16% |
| Current | 22,172 | 92.55% | 18,866 | 93.08% | 3,306 | 89.67% |
| Employment status (n (%)) | ||||||
| In paid employment or self-employed | 8,804 | 36.75% | 7,861 | 38.78% | 943 | 25.58% |
| Retired or not in the workforce | 13,766 | 57.46% | 11,188 | 55.20% | 2,578 | 69.92% |
| Job involves shift work | 1,386 | 5.79% | 1,220 | 6.02% | 166 | 4.50% |
| Vegetable and fruit intake (serves/day) (mean (SD)) | 4.52 | 2.96 | 4.56 | 2.88 | 4.32 | 3.35 |
| Sedentary behavior (hour/day) (mean (SD)) | 4.85 | 2.28 | 4.80 | 2.24 | 5.13 | 2.44 |
| Comorbidity (mean (SD)) | 1.98 | 1.91 | 1.9 | 1.86 | 2.42 | 2.11 |
| Total physical activity group (n (%)) | ||||||
| Low | 6,014 | 25.10% | 4,864 | 24.00% | 1,150 | 31.19% |
| Moderate | 8,636 | 36.05% | 7,402 | 36.52% | 1,234 | 33.47% |
| High | 9,306 | 38.85% | 8,003 | 39.48% | 1,303 | 35.34% |
| Education level (n (%)) | ||||||
| Low | 14,514 | 60.59% | 12,052 | 59.46% | 2,462 | 66.78% |
| High | 9,442 | 39.41% | 8,217 | 40.54% | 1,225 | 33.22% |
| Ethnicity (n (%)) | ||||||
| White | 23,505 | 98.12% | 19,896 | 98.16% | 3,609 | 97.88% |
| Non-white | 451 | 1.88% | 373 | 1.84% | 78 | 2.12% |
| Family history (n (%)) | ||||||
| No | 16,312 | 68.09% | 13,858 | 68.37% | 2,454 | 66.56% |
| Yes | 7,644 | 31.91% | 6,411 | 31.63% | 1,233 | 33.44% |
| No. of self-reported cancers (mean (SD)) | 0.89 | 0.51 | 0.87 | 0.49 | 0.99 | 0.58 |
| Operation (n (%)) | ||||||
| No | 1,593 | 6.65% | 1,360 | 6.71% | 233 | 6.32% |
| Yes | 22,363 | 93.35% | 18,909 | 93.29% | 3,454 | 93.68% |
| No. of treatments taken (mean (SD)) | 2.97 | 2.86 | 2.78 | 2.7 | 4.06 | 3.43 |
| Sleep traits | ||||||
| Chronotype (n (%)) | ||||||
| Definite morning | 5,922 | 24.72% | 4,969 | 24.52% | 953 | 25.85% |
| More morning | 8,057 | 33.63% | 6,905 | 34.07% | 1,152 | 31.24% |
| More evening | 6,061 | 25.30% | 5,119 | 25.26% | 942 | 25.55% |
| Definite evening | 1,815 | 7.58% | 1,512 | 7.46% | 303 | 8.22% |
| Unknown/prefer not to answer | 2,101 | 8.77% | 1,764 | 8.70% | 337 | 9.14% |
| Sleep duration (n (%)) | ||||||
| ≤5 h | 1,206 | 5.03% | 981 | 4.84% | 215 | 5.83% |
| 6 h | 4,160 | 17.37% | 3,489 | 17.21% | 671 | 18.20% |
| 7 h | 8,712 | 36.37% | 7,527 | 37.14% | 1,185 | 32.14% |
| 8 h | 7,462 | 31.15% | 6,386 | 31.51% | 1,076 | 29.18% |
| ≥9 h | 2,376 | 9.92% | 1,846 | 9.11% | 530 | 14.37% |
| Unknown/prefer not to answer | 40 | 0.17% | 30 | 0.15% | 10 | 0.27% |
| Insomnia symptom (n (%)) | ||||||
| Never | 5,261 | 21.96% | 4,540 | 22.40% | 721 | 19.56% |
| sometimes | 11,153 | 46.56% | 9,515 | 46.94% | 1,638 | 44.43% |
| Usually | 7,536 | 31.46% | 6,209 | 30.63% | 1,327 | 35.99% |
| Unknown/prefer not to answer | 6 | 0.03% | 5 | 0.02% | 1 | 0.03% |
Sex was categorized as female and male. Mental health issues were categorized as no or yes (had ever seen a doctor or psychiatrist for nerves, anxiety or depression). Smoking status and alcohol drinker status were both categorized as never, previous and current. Employment status was categorized as in paid employment or self-employed, retired or not in the workforce and job involves shift work. Total physical activity (TPA) was categorized into low (<800 MET-min/week), moderate (800–2400 MET-min/week), and high (≥2400 MET, min/week); MET, metabolic equivalent task. Education level was categorized as low or high (college/university degree or other professional qualifications). Ethnicity was categorized as white and non-white. Family history was categorized as no or yes (family history of cancer from father/mother/siblings). Operation was categorized as no or yes.