Table 4.
Clinical Trials Assessing the Effect of Intraoperative Use of NSAIDs on Cancer Outcomes
| Author | Cancer | Study Type | Dose | Cancer Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retsky et al59 | Breast | Retrospective | Ketorolac Not specified |
5-fold reduction in cancer recurrence. |
| Desmedt et al60 | Breast | Retrospective | Ketorolac 20 mg in patients <60 kg; 30 mg in patients ≥60 kg | Ketorolac, but not diclofenac, decreases distant recurrences in patients with BMIs >25 kg/m2 |
| Forget et al61 | Breast | Retrospective | Ketorolac 20 mg in patients <60 kg; 30 mg in patients ≥60 kg Diclofenac 17mg |
Ketorolac and diclofenac increase DFS and OS |
| De Castro- Araujo et al62 | Melanoma | Retrospective | Tenoxicam, Parecoxib, Ketorolac (dosages unspecified) | No effect overall |
| Connolly et al63 | Lung | Retrospective | Ketorolac 15 or 30 mg | Improved RSS |
| Mao et al64 | Bladder | Retrospective | Parecoxib 40 mg | No effect on RFS or OS |
| Wuethrich et al65 | Prostate | Retrospective | Ketorolac 30 mg ketorolac q 8h | No effect on RFS or OS |
| Forget et al44 | Breast, lung, kidney | Observational | Ketorolac 20 mg in patients <60 kg; 30 mg in patients ≥60 kg Diclofenac 75mg |
Reduced recurrence rate in breast cancer patients; Reduced risk of distant metastasis in lung cancer patients |
| Forget et al66 | Prostate | Retrospective | Not specified | No effect on biochemical recurrence-free (BRF) survival |
Abbreviations: OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival, RFS, recurrence-free survival; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RSS, recurrence-specific survival; BRF, biochemical-free.