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. 2023 Dec 9;13:21835. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-48777-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Characterization of the anti-glioma activity of a combination treatment of CTS and TMZ. (A,B) The IC50 value of CTS and TMZ as single-agent treatments of LN229 and U87-MG human GBM cells was verified with a CCK-8 assay. (C,D) Synergy plots generated by Combenefit depicting the interaction between CTS and TMZ. An analysis of interactions provided HSA and Bliss values (n = 3, technical replicates), indicating synergistic efficacy as calculated from expected and observed growth inhibition. HSA and Bliss values > 0 indicate synergistic effects. (E,F) Single and combinatorial titration of CTS and TMZ in a three-day growth assay of LN229 and U87-MG cell lines (***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05).