Table 2.
Antipsychotic treatment.
| Reference | Medication | Dose | Definition of response | Response rate | Duration of treatment | Co-medications | Previous antipsychotics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Itil 1981 | Molindole | 20 | Na | 42% | 1 week each test | No |
Long-acting fluphenazine Long-acting pipothiazine |
| Thiothixene | 20 | ||||||
| Fluphenazine | 10 | ||||||
| Ulrich 1988 | Perazine | 150 | 66% score decrease | 59% | 28 days | Na | Na |
| Czobor 1991 | Haloperidol | Na | 50% score decrease | Na | Na | Na | Na |
| Galderisi 1993 | Clopenthixol | 3 | 50% score decrease | Na | Single dose | No | Na |
| Haloperidol | 5 | ||||||
| Lacroix 1995 | Clozapine | 25 ± 75 | <30% or >35% score change | 50% | Na | Benzodiazepines procyclidine | Various APs, 850.4 ± 574.8 mg CPZ equivalent dose |
| Risby 1995 | Clozapine | 373.4 ± 99 | Any rating scale score improvement | / | 374 ± 177.4 days | Na | At least 2 AP attempts, minimum dosage 1000 CPZ equivalents/day |
| Pillay 1996 | Clozapine | Na | Any rating scale improvement | Na | Na | Na | Na |
| Merlo 1998 | Na | Na | 30% score decrease | 38% | Na | Na | no |
| Knott 2000 | Clozapine | 381.25 ± 124.33 | 20% score decrease | 84.6% | 6 weeks | Na | Various APs |
| Kang 2001 | Clozapine | 100–350 | 20% score decrease | 40% | 4 weeks | Na | Na |
| Gross 2004 | Clozapine | 50–800 | / | / | 18 weeks | Na | Various first-generation APs |
| Kikuchi 2005 | Haloperidol | 1-12 | Na | Na | 8 weeks |
Biperidene Diazepam Pimozide Estazolam Flunitrazepam perospirone |
Na |
| Risperidone | 2 | ||||||
| Levemepromazine | 25-80 | ||||||
| Nemonapride | 9 | ||||||
| Perphenazine | 8 | ||||||
| Wichniak 2006 | Olanzapine | 14.8 ± 6.4 | Clinical judgement + continuation of OLZ monotherapy + AP switch not due to side effects | Na | Na |
Risperidone Perazine Perphenazine Levomepromazine Flupenthixol Haloperidol Promethazine Sulpiride zuchlopenthixol |
Na |
| Olanzapine + BZD | 15.4 ± 4.3 | ||||||
| Olanzapine + another AP | 15.9 ± 5.8 | ||||||
| Sumiyoshi 2006 | Olanzapine | 3.6 | Na | Na | 6 months | bromazepam |
Haloperidol Risperidone Risperidone+perospirone |
| Kikuchi 2007 | Various | 175 CPZ equivalents/day | 20% score reduction | 50% | 2–8 weeks |
Other FGA or SGA Benzodiazepines anticholinergics antihystaminics |
Na |
| Khodayari-Rostamabad 2010 | Clozapine | 364.2 ± 139.27 | 50%, 30% or 25% score reduction | 50% or 30% | Na | Na | Na |
| Ravan 2014 | Clozapine | 347 | 35% score reduction | 42% | Na | Na | Na |
| Mitra 2015 | Olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol |
At 4 weeks 516.62 ± 208.6 CPZ equivalents; At 8 weeks 496.26 ± 242.35 CPZ equivalents |
b/ | / | 8 weeks | Na | Na |
| Masychev 2020 | Clozapine | 375.8 ± 121.26 | 35% score reduction | 48.4% | 359.2 ± 171.75 days | Na | Na |
| Arikan 2021 | Aripiprazole | Na | 50% score reduction | 58 % | 6.26 ± 4.78 weeks | No | Na |
| Ciprian 2021 | Clozapine | 347 | 40% score reduction | 33.3% | 1.4 yrs | Na | Na |
| Dominicus 2023 | Aripiprazole | 10 ± 5.9 | / | / | 4-6 weeks |
Fluoxetine (20 mg n = 1) Zopiclone (7.5 mg n = 4) Codeine (2.5 mg n = 1) |
No |
| Amisulpride | 285 ± 170.9 |
Na data not available, / not applicable, AP antipsychotic, BZD benzodiazepines, CPZ chlorpromazine.
aa linear relationship between PANSS score and theta power is the measure considered;
bcorrelation between PANSS and frequency-band power is the measure considered.