Table 2.
Assessment tools for PMDD.
| Authors | Assessment tool | Description | Psychometric properties | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Screening instruments | ||||
| Steiner et al. (2003) (21) | PSST [(premenstrual symptoms screening tool (21)] | Based on the DSM-IV criteria of PMDD. Contains two sections and 19 questions. Classified into “mild/no PMS,” “moderate to severe PMS,” and “PMDD” | Sensitivity coefficients—0.9 Specificity coefficients—0.77 Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency—0.91 Test–retest reliability—0.56 |
Useful for screening, but not for the diagnosis or monitoring of severity Widely used in many studies worldwide Cultural validation is available in Brazil, Iran, and Italy |
| Steiner et al. (2011) (22) | PSST—Adolescent version (22) | Adopted from PSST | Not available | Widely used in adolescents |
| Diagnostic instrument | ||||
| DSM-IV (23) | Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR defined PMDD (23) (SCID-PMDD) | DSM-5 based semi-structured interview guide | No reliability or validity data is available | Developed in 2013 |
| Severity rating scales | ||||
| Steiner et al. (1980) (27) | Premenstrual Tension Syndrome Rating Scale self-report and an observer version (27) | For diagnosis of PMS and PMDD, and monitoring symptoms severity through prospective daily rating (for Self-Rating version) | Internal consistency (alpha = 0.89–0.93) | The self-rating version contains 36 dichotomous items (Yes or No) on PMS/PMDD symptoms |
| Steiner and Steiner (1999) (26) | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | Used to rate each of the four core symptoms of PMDD: mood swings, irritability, tension, and depression | Cronbach's alpha > 0.90 for Internal consistency | Measures subjective perception of PMDD |
| Feuerstein and Shaw (25) | Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences (25) (COPE) | Includes 22 symptoms grouped into four categories: mood reactivity, autonomic/cognitive, appetitive, and related to fluid retention | Internal consistency (alpha) (0.93–0.94) | Self-monitoring diary for the prospective ratings of PMDD |
| Endicott et al. (2005) (24) | Daily Record of Severity of Problems (24) (DRSP) | Assessment of the DSM-IV criteria for PMDD and to assess severity of symptoms and impairment. It is recorded daily by the subject throughout her two menstrual cycles | Internal consistency (α = 0.91–0.96) | Most commonly used. It can be downloaded online and used with permission from the original author |
| Eisenlohr-Moul et al. (28) | Carolina Premenstrual Assessment Scoring System (28) (C-PASS) | Computerised version of DRSP | 98% accuracy to diagnose PMDD | C-PASS is only validated to diagnose DSM-5 PMDD |