Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Author, year, country, ref. | Index method | Study design | Target population | Number of participants (m/f) | Patient demographics | Histological diagnosis | Interval between imaging and biopsy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qadri, 2022, Finland∗ | MRS-PDFF | Prospective | Patients undergoing liver biopsy to evaluate NAFLD during metabolic surgery | 21/50 | Age: 52 ± 11 yr BMI: 37.6 [32.9, 41.2] kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 23 NAFL: 29 NASH: 19 |
7.2 [2.8, 15.7] d |
| Runge, 2018, The Netherlands29 | MRS-PDFF | Prospective | Patients undergoing liver biopsy because of suspected NAFLD | 40/15 | Age: 52.3 [43.7, 57.6] yr BMI: 27.8 [26.0, 33.1] kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 5 NAFL: 30 NASH: 20 |
27 [7, 44] d |
| Pavlides, 2017, UK30 | MRS-PDFF | Prospective | Patients with known or suspected NAFLD undergoing liver biopsy | 43/28 (65)† | Age: 53 ± 12 yr BMI: 32.7 [28.1, 38.1] kg/m2 |
NAFL: 25 NASH: 46 |
13 [5, 27] d |
| Traussnigg, 2017, Austria31 | MRS-PDFF | Prospective | Patients undergoing liver biopsy because of suspected NAFLD | 18/12 |
Patients with NAFL: Age: 48.0 ± 9.6 yr BMI: 27.3 ± 5.2 kg/m2 Patients with NASH: Age 48.0 ± 12.5 yr BMI 31.4 ± 4.1 kg/m2 |
NAFL: 8 NASH: 22 |
Performed on the same day |
| Rastogi, 2016, India32 | MRS-PDFF | Retrospective | Living liver donor candidates undergoing preoperative or intraoperative liver biopsy | 59/14 |
Males: Age: 33 (20–55) yr BMI: 24.6 (17.2–34.8) kg/m2 Females: Age: 33 (19–55) yr BMI: 24.7 (17.9–29.8) kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 39 NAFL: 34 |
≤20 d |
| Tang, 2015, USA33 | MRI-PDFF | Prospective | Patients with known or suspected NAFLD undergoing liver biopsy | 38/51 | Age: 51.0 ± 13.0 yr BMI: 30.6 ± 5.0 kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 6 NAFLD: 83 |
Median 35 (range 0–173) d |
| Hwang, 2014, Republic of Korea34 | MRS-PDFF | Retrospective | Living liver donor candidates undergoing preoperative or intraoperative liver biopsy | 62/22 (72)† | Age: 33 (17–61) yr BMI: 24.1 (17.1–31.5) kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 59 NAFLD: 25 |
13 (0–55) d |
| Parente, 2014, Brazil35 | MRS-PDFF | Prospective | Patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing liver biopsy because of suspected NAFLD | 13/60 (72)† | Age: 54 ± 9 yr BMI: 31.4 (23.2–42.7) kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 6 NAFL: 40 NASH: 27 |
≤90 d |
| Idilman, 2013, Turkey36 | MRI-PDFF | Retrospective | Patients undergoing liver biopsy because of suspected NAFLD | 40/30 | Age: 44.7 ± 13.1 yr BMI: 29.9 ± 4.3 kg/m2 |
No NAFLD: 7 NAFLD: 63 |
Median 14.5 (range 0–259) d |
Unless otherwise specified, data are shown as means ± standard deviations, means (range), medians [25th, 75th percentiles], or as counts.
d, days; f, females; m, males; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MRS, magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NAFL, non-alcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PDFF, proton density fat fraction.
∗
Previously unpublished data from the Helsinki MRS-PDFF cohort (see Materials and methods and Supplementary material).
†
Number of participants with complete data.